Rates Of Chemical Reaction1
1. Introduction:
This investigation will show the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. The Berocca tablet was reacted with hot water (47oC) and then with cold water (20oC). In the hypothesis, it was predicted that the temperature will be inverse proportional to the time Berocca tablet reacts with water to produce 50ml of carbon dioxide gas. Through the result table, we can see that the hypothesis is supported and it was correct. In the conclusion, it was shown that the temperature has the ability to speed up or give the particles more energy and therefore effect the rate of reaction.
2. Background information:
Ionic bonds formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons. The speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds is known as the rate of reaction. The rate of almost every reaction can be increased or decreased due to different factor. Scientists have identified five factors that affect the rate of reaction. The five factors are temperature, concentration of the reactants, surface area, agitation (mixing), and catalyst (chemical helpers). The collision theory states that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of effective collisions per second between the reactant molecules. If the concentration of the reactants increases, the number of total collisions will also be increased. Therefore it will affect the frequency of total collisions, which leads to the change in the reaction rate. Temperature (T) is a measurement of the average kinetic energy (KEavg) of the particles. At higher temperature, the fraction of molecules with energies greater than the activation energy (Ea) increases.
As the diagram above, it shows the distribution of molecules at different kinetic energy levels in a gas sample. At higher temperature, larger fraction of molecules has kinetic energy equal to or greater than the activation energy (Ea) for the reaction than at lower temperature. Stirring reactants can also increase the
This investigation will show the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. The Berocca tablet was reacted with hot water (47oC) and then with cold water (20oC). In the hypothesis, it was predicted that the temperature will be inverse proportional to the time Berocca tablet reacts with water to produce 50ml of carbon dioxide gas. Through the result table, we can see that the hypothesis is supported and it was correct. In the conclusion, it was shown that the temperature has the ability to speed up or give the particles more energy and therefore effect the rate of reaction.
2. Background information:
Ionic bonds formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons. The speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds is known as the rate of reaction. The rate of almost every reaction can be increased or decreased due to different factor. Scientists have identified five factors that affect the rate of reaction. The five factors are temperature, concentration of the reactants, surface area, agitation (mixing), and catalyst (chemical helpers). The collision theory states that the rate of a reaction is directly proportional to the number of effective collisions per second between the reactant molecules. If the concentration of the reactants increases, the number of total collisions will also be increased. Therefore it will affect the frequency of total collisions, which leads to the change in the reaction rate. Temperature (T) is a measurement of the average kinetic energy (KEavg) of the particles. At higher temperature, the fraction of molecules with energies greater than the activation energy (Ea) increases.
As the diagram above, it shows the distribution of molecules at different kinetic energy levels in a gas sample. At higher temperature, larger fraction of molecules has kinetic energy equal to or greater than the activation energy (Ea) for the reaction than at lower temperature. Stirring reactants can also increase the