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Pressure Ulcer
J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3(2)296-301, 2013 © 2013, TextRoad Publication

ISSN 2090-4304 Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research www.textroad.com

Determination of Pressure Ulcer Incidence and Its Related Risk Factors at Orthopedic Wards: A Descriptive Study
MahbobehAbdolrahimi1, FaribaBolourchifard2, Farideh Yaghmaei3, AlirezaAkbarzadeh baghban4
2

MSn, Alumnus of Nursing and Midwifery, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran MSn, Lecturer, Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nursing PhD candidate, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Basic sciences, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Running title: Incidence of pressure ulcer and its risk factors

1

ABSTRACT Pressure ulcer and its related factors are associated with complications such as decreased quality of life of patients and increased cost of health system as important issues of nursing care. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the incidence of pressure ulcer and its related factors in patients at orthopedic wards. Methods: 330 patients with no pressure ulcer at the time of admission were selected through convenience sampling. A demographic questionnaire, European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel Grading System and Braden Pressure Ulcer Assessment Scale were used for data collection. Results: 46 patients (%13.9) developed pressure ulcers of which %76.1, %21.7 and %2.2 were at stages one, two and three respectively. The most common locations of the ulcers were in sacrum (%34), ischium (%34.8), heels (%17.4) and both sacrum and heels (%10.9). Conclusion: The incidence of pressure ulcers in our study


References: 1. Mertens E, Halfens RJ, Dietz E, Scheufele R, Dassen T. Pressure ulcer risk screening in hospitals and nursing homes with a general nursing assessment tool: evaluation of the care dependency scale. J EvalClinPract 2008; 14(6):1018-25. 2. Chan WS, Pang SM, Kwong EW. Assessing predictive validity of the modified Braden scale for prediction of pressure ulcer risk of orthopedic patients in an acute care setting. J ClinNurs 2009; 18(11):1565-73. 3. Shahin ES, Dassen T, Halfens RJ. Pressure ulcer prevalence in intensive care patients: a cross-sectional study. J EvalClinPract 2008; 14(4):563-8. 4. Wann-Hansson C, Hagell P, Willman A. Risk factors and prevention among patients with hospital-acquired and pre-existing pressure ulcers in an acute care hospital. J ClinNurs 2008; 17(13): 1718-27. 5. Karadag M, Gumuskaya N. The incidence of pressure ulcers in surgical patients: a sample hospital in Turkey. J ClinNurs 2006; 15(4):413-21. 6. Baumgarten M, Margolis DJ, Localio AR, Kagan SH, Lowe RA, Kinosian B et al. Extrinsic risk factors for pressure ulcers early in the hospital stay: a nested case-control study. J Gerontol A BiolSci Med Sci 2008; 63(4):408-13. 7. Keelaghan E, Margolis D, Zhan M, Baumgarten M. Prevalence of pressure ulcers on hospital admission among nursing home residents transferred to the hospital. Wound Repair Regen 2008; 16(3):331-6. 8. Sedghiani S. Examination of effectiveness of sheep skin in prevention of bed sore in patients hospitalized in neurosurgery wards of educational hospitals in Mashhad. HormozganMed J 2001; 5(1):32-5. (Persian) 9. Dealey C. Skin care and pressure ulcer. Adv Skin Wound Care 2009; 22(9): 421-8. 10. Magnan MA, Maklebust J. The nursing process and pressure ulcer prevention: making the connection. Adv Skin Wound Care 2009; 22(2):83-92. 11. Levy PS, Lemeshow S. Sampling of populations: Methods and applications.4th ed. New York: Wileyinterscience Publication; 2009. 12. Dorland WAN. Dorland 's illustrated medical dictionary. 31st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders;2007. 13. Fogerty MD, Abumrad NN, Nanney L, Arbogast PG, Poulose B, Barbul A. Risk factors for pressure ulcers in acute care hospitals. Wound Repair Regen 2008; 16(1):11-8. 14. Lepisto M, Eriksson E, Hietanen H, Lepisto J, Lauri S. Developing a pressure ulcer risk assessment scale for patients in long-term care. Ostomy Wound Manage 2006; 52(2): 34-46. 15. Lowthian PT, Parish LC. Decubitus ulcers: definitions, disagreements, and deductive etiology. Skinmed 2010; 8(2):67-9. 16. Clay M. Pressure sore prevention in nursing homes. Nurs Stand 2000; 14(44):45-50. 17.Lindgren M, Unosson M, Fredrikson M, Ek AC. Immobility--a major risk factor for development of pressure ulcers among adult hospitalized patients: A prospective study. Scand J Caring Sci 2004; 18(1):57-64. 18. Gunningberg L. Are patients with or at risk of pressure ulcers allocated appropriate prevention measures? Int J NursPract 2005; 11(2):58-67. 301
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