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Preoperative Management: Anesthesia Consideration

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Preoperative Management: Anesthesia Consideration
Anesthesia Considerations
Preoperative Management
Contrera, Patterson, and Cushing (2014) discussed that the patients undergoing cardiac surgery should have a thorough preoperative assessment, including a history of medical conditions, and a complete physical examination. The preoperative evaluation should focus on the cardiovascular system, airway, pulmonary, neurologic, endocrine, renal, hepatic, and hematologic function (Contrera et al., 2014). Avoid tachycardia precludes episodes of LA and pulmonary hypertension with potential right ventricular dysfunction, as well as inadequate LV filling with concomitant systemic hypotension (Skubas, Lichtman, Sharma, & Thomas, 2009). Preoperative medications such as anxiolytics and beta-blockers used …show more content…
Patients with severe MS need continued monitoring of intra-arterial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, LA pressure, and transesophageal echocardiography (Hines & Marschall, 2013). The LA pressure of 25 mmHg required for maintaining an adequate resting CO (Elisha, 2014). Atrial tachyarrhythmia was causing hemodynamic instability treated with cardioversion (Elisha, 2014). A small dose of phenylephrine used for treat hypertension (Elisha, 2014).
Postoperative Management
During the postoperative period, patients remain at a high risk of pulmonary edema, and right side heart failure (Hines & Marschall, 2013). Increased heart rate and pulmonary vascular resistance due to pain and hypoventilation, and should adequately treat (Hines & Marschall, 2013). After thoracic or abdominal surgery, the patient must continued on mechanical ventilation (Hines & Marschall, 2013). Anticoagulation should resume as quickly as possible (Hines & Marschall, 2013). The patient monitoring should continue for the postoperative period with the same vigilance (Hines & Marschall, 2013).
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