Preview

Phase Equiliubrium of Naphthalene and Biphenyl Mixture

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
870 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Phase Equiliubrium of Naphthalene and Biphenyl Mixture
Abstract
Thermal analysis of a solid-liquid phase using cooling curves at various compositions is a method used to obtain the eutectic composition and temperature of naphthalene-biphenyl. The XE was 0.45 and the TE was 310.3K these are slightly different from the theoretical values which are 0.44 and 312K respectively.

Results
The cooling curves obtained from both groups
Group A

Group B

The table with the mole fraction and the actual masses added. RUN | Group A | Group B | | Naphthalene (g) | Biphenyl added (g) | Biphenyl (g) | Naphthalene added (g) | | target | actual | Mole fraction | target | actual | target | actual | target | actual | Mole fraction | 1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 0.924 | 0.2 | 0.197 | 2.0 | 2.053 | 0.2 | 0.198 | 0.104 | 2 | | | 0.799 | 0.4 | 0.605 | | | 0.2 | 0.410 | 0.194 | 3 | | | 0.713 | 0.4 | 0.970 | | | 0.2 | 0.604 | 0.262 | 4 | | | 0.605 | 0.6 | 1.570 | | | 0.4 | 1.004 | 0.371 |

The table which shows the thermal breaks and arrests run | Naphthalene (g) | Biphenyl added (g) (Group A) | Biphenyl (g) | Naphthalene added (g) (Group B) | | target | actual | | target | actual | Temperature(K) | target | actual | target | actual | Temperature(K) | | | | | | | break | arrest | | | | | break | arrest | 1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | | 0.2 | 0.197 | 346.9 | - | 2.0 | 2.053 | 0.2 | 0.198 | 333.6 | - | 2 | | | | 0.4 | 0.605 | 337.9 | 308.5 | | | 0.2 | 0.410 | 328.9 | 308.6 | 3 | | | | 0.4 | 0.970 | 331.5 | 311.3 | | | 0.2 | 0.604 | 323.4 | 310.3 | 4 | | | | 0.6 | 1.570 | 322.5 | 311.3 | | | 0.4 | 1.004 | 313.6 | 312.2 |

The phase diagram of naphthalene-biphenyl binary system

Discussion and answers

This experiment is concerned with the thermal analysis of the solid-liquid phase diagram of a binary system. A binary system consists of two metals that may form an alloy or it could be a mixture of naphthalene-biphenyl which are organic compounds. This equilibria


References: Anon., 2009. Lead or Tin Phase diagrams. [Online] Available at: http://www.sanjose.edu/labnotes/tech25 [Accessed 09 April 2013]. Bunnelle, W. H., Meyer, L. A. & Glaser, R. E., n.d. Recrystallization and Melting Point Determination. [Online] Available at: www.chem.missouri.edu/.../Recrystallization%20notes.doc [Accessed 09 April 2013]. Garland, C. W., Nibler, J. W. & Shoemaker, D. P., 2003. Experiments in Physical Chemistry. 7th Edition ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    orgo lab
    • 993 Words
    • 4 Pages

    orgo lab

    After recrystallization of the benzoic acid, the starting and ending masses as well as the melting point ranges were determined. This experiment was conducted twice, following the same steps and guidelines.…

    • 993 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Paradichlorobenzene Lab
    • 923 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Paradichlorobenzene Lab

    Melting, freezing, and boiling points are properties that can easily be determined and help in identifying a substance. These properties can be found in chemical literature ad reference tables, and can be used to distinguish a pure substance from many other pure substances. In this lab you will use the pure substance Paradichlorobenzene and determine its melting an freezing points by warming and cooling a sample of the substance, then plotting heating and cooling curves and analyzing them. Data that you collect will represent the heating and cooling behavior common to all pure substances.…

    • 923 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Panacetin Essay
    • 1093 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Panacetin Essay

    In each trial each separate component was placed in its own capillary tube, and then a 3rd capillary tube contained a 50/50 mixture of both ingredients. The results of their melting points occurred as is what the table says below.…

    • 1093 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Chem Lab
    • 286 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Chem Lab

    This experiment is to calibrate a constant pressure calorimeter to experimentally determine a series of heats of reaction that will be used to predict the enthalpy of reaction for another reaction using Hess’ Law and to determine heats of dissolution for a number of ionic salts that will be used to predict lattice energy again by using Hess’ Law. Heat may increase during experiment and undergo exothermic reaction.…

    • 286 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Simple Distillation Of Cyclohexane
    • 1803 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Simple Distillation Of Cyclohexane

    Since simple distillation is a physical process, it separated the two chemicals from the mixture based on how easily they vaporize. As the mixture was heated, the temperature rose until it reached the temperature of the lowest boiling substance in the mixture which was cyclohexane. The temperature at which the first drop was collected was 79.5oC and the distillation of cyclohexane was stopped when the still-head temperature was 94.5oC . Therefore, the boiling range of cyclohexane in this experiment was 79.5oC- 94.5oC.The resultant hot vapor passed through into the condenser and was converted into liquid, which was then collected into a graduated cylinder. During this time, the ethyl benzene remained in its original phase. Since cyclohexane had a lower boiling point, it is considered to be more volatile in comparison to ethyl benzene. After a plateau in temperature was observed, the temperature was increased in order for ethyl benzene to reach its boiling point. The temperature at which ethyl benzene was collected was 127oC and the distillation of ethyl benzene was stopped when the still-head temperature was 138.5oC. The boiling range for ethyl benzene was observed to be in between 127oC-138.5oC. The liquids were collected in increments of 4mL. The first 28mL collected were of cyclohexane and the last 16 mL collected were of ethyl benzene,…

    • 1803 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Spring Syllabus
    • 2332 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Spring Syllabus

    |College: Science and Technology |Required Text(s): The laboratory manual, Experiments In General Chemistry, 6th |…

    • 2332 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Naphthalene Chromatography
    • 1479 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Naphthalene Chromatography

    The melting point of 10% naphthalene / 90% Biphenyl mixture was determined by electronic instrumentation. Two samples were prepared and placed in closed end capillary tubes and then inserted into the "Mel-Temp" device beginning at 30°C and set at 22 volts to ensure gradual heating; approximately 1°C per minute. Two trials were completed on each sample. The results were then categorized and combined with other data sets collected by the laboratory students. This data was then used to find the eutectic point of the two substances…

    • 1479 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Light Color Solutions Intro
    • 522 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Light Color Solutions Intro

    References: Brown, Theodore; Chemistry: The Central Science, Prentice Hall: Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 2012…

    • 522 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Thermochemistry
    • 2424 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Thermochemistry

    Materials and Methods: All work was done with coffee cup calorimeters, magnetic mixers, standard glassware and hardware. Weights of all materials were obtained using a Metler Toledo electronic scale per the manufacturer’s recommended procedure. Heating of reactants was done with a Thermolyne Type 1900 hot plate set to 500. Temperatures were obtained with a GLX.…

    • 2424 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Vapor Pressure and Heat Evaporation Lab Report
    • 1164 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Vapor Pressure and Heat Evaporation Lab Report

    The purpose of this experiment is to determine the relationship between the pressure and temperature of the volatile liquids. The pressure will be measured in a sealed vessel that contains different types of liquids such as methanol, ethanol and propanol. It will be measured several times at different temperatures. At the conclusion of this experiment, the heat of vaporization will be able to be calculated.…

    • 1164 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Organic Lab Report
    • 916 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Organic Lab Report

    Energy is needed to be applied to a solid compound in order to changes its state point of a compound. The actual purpose of the experiment is to determine the measurement and the melting points of the benzoic and mandelic acid and various mixtures of mandalic and benzoic acid, and an unknown compound. In addition to that, later we will be able to indentify the unknown compound by comparing the melting points with the various compounds.…

    • 916 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Lab 1 Pendulum
    • 1893 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Lab 1 Pendulum

    1. John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John R. Townsend (2012). Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity: Eighth Edition, Hybrid: Mary Finch…

    • 1893 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Enabling and Assessing Learning
    • 3808 Words
    • 16 Pages

    Enabling and Assessing Learning

    Dorin, H., Demmin, P.E, & Gabel, D. 1990. Chemistry: The Study of matter. 3rd-Edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, Inc.…

    • 3808 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Phase Change Lab Report
    • 747 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Phase Change Lab Report

    Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to study the energy changes associated with the phase changes of water. In this experiment we know the water is gaining energy so we know the heat is going to be positive and we can use the equation MCΔT to find the energy change. The specific heat will be 1 and we just have to measure the water to find the mass and take the temperature before and after we start to find the energy change.…

    • 747 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Scientific Method
    • 418 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Scientific Method

    References: Tro, N. J. (2009). Introductory chemistry (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall…

    • 418 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More

Related Topics