Preview

Pertussis: Whooping Cough

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1469 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Pertussis: Whooping Cough
Pertussis – Whooping cough
Pertussis (Whooping cough) is an extremely contagious, respiratory disease, which is caused by the bacterium Bordetella. It is estimated that around 200 infants under the age of 6 months who contract whooping cough will die from pneumonia or brain damage. The disease is spread by airborne droplets from the upper respiratory tract (when the infected person coughs or sneezes) and is highly contagious.
Describe the symptoms of Pertussis and any long-term effects on the human body. The illness often begins off similarly to a cold. It begins with a runny nose, sore or watery eyes and a small fever. After 3 to 7 days a cough develops which can last for several months however generally stays around for a few weeks. The
…show more content…
Despite the obvious protection of the disease some parents decide not to vaccinate their child against pertussis for a number of reasons. One of these is the concern for their child’s safety, especially because pertussis is given to babies when they are very young to ensure their safety. Because it is very dangerous for young children, some people believe that the vaccine may overwhelm the baby’s immune system and that their immune systems aren’t mature enough. These people believe it is safer to delay vaccines until children get older, therefore exposing their baby to the risk of whooping cough that could potentially kill …show more content…
First and foremost, without the vaccine the child could get sick and face the risk of hospitalisation, brain damage, paralysis or even death which is a lot more of an issue than the actual vaccination. Also, as non-vaccinated children are at risk of developing diseases that means that the disease could have a comeback and spread. A recent outbreak of the pertussis disease was traced back to families who chose not to vaccinate their children and according to the 2009 study, children who are not immunised against pertussis are 23 times more likely to catch the disease also giving them a higher chance of spreading

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Pertussis has 3 stages. The first stage is known as the catarrhal stage which last from one to two weeks. The symptoms at this stage mimic an upper respiratory infection. In which case, one starts to experience a runny nose, sneezing, a fever that is low-grade, and a cough typical to a common cold. Since, the…

    • 1113 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It is often thought that whooping cough is an outdated disease, due to the many ways we now have to combat the pathogen, but every year almost 400,000 people die due to infection with Bordetella pertussis (1, 41). Bordetella pertussis is a gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium, which causes whooping cough in humans (1, 41). The bacterium is spread by air borne particles or mucus droplets and is highly contagious. Although there is no known reservoir for the pathogen humans can often be asymptomatic, due to vaccination or immunity, and can easily spread the disease from person to person through coughing or sneezing (1, 41). Once inhaled the pathogen enters the respiratory tract and attaches to the ciliated respiratory epithelium. There…

    • 1991 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    While there are many epidemiology topics to choose from in Maricopa County, the one I chose is Pertussis also called and known as whooping cough. Whooping cough is caused by exposure to bacteria called Bordetella pertussis. It is considered a vaccine-preventable disease. It is highly contagious and is spread from droplet contact from the nose and throat of an infected person. The signs and symptoms of the disease begin 7 to 10 days after exposure. The symptoms begin with a mild cough and cold. It then progresses to severe episodes of coughing spasms that can lead to vomiting due to the coughing. The coughing episodes can last for several months. A person is considered contagious during the first 21 days after the onset of coughing. Once treatment begins with the appropriate antibiotic, the contagious/infectious period shortens to 5 days. Serious complications of whooping cough include pneumonia, seizures, middle ear infection, dehydration, encephalopathy and/or brain damage, and death.…

    • 874 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Whooping cough disease starts like the common cold, with a runny nose or congestion, sneezing, and maybe a mild cough or fever. Later on, severe coughing will begin.…

    • 392 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The first pressing reason to vaccinate children is to prevent them from contracting diseases. It can hardly be argued that immunizations fail to protect the majority of children from getting the infection the immunization was designed to prevent. In the 18th century, for example, hundreds of thousands of Americans were infected by a crippling condition called polio. Polio was a terrible infection that caused sufferers to lose the use of their legs. Many had to walk with braces or crutches. Some lost the ability to walk and had to be placed in wheelchairs, while others were so disabled they became unable to engage in any physical activity, or even died of the condition. Polio was so prevalent it even affected American president Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Schnell 2)! Thanks to vaccinations, today polio is all but unheard of in the USA, and in other countries that immunize against it. This example alone should show the desirability of immunization. Who…

    • 546 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Some people have different opinions when it comes to deciding if children should get vaccinated or not. There are both pros and cons to getting children vaccinated, some of the pros are that it can help get rid of any type of bacteria that may be building up inside a child’s body. A con is that vaccines can sometimes cause serious and even fatal side effects. However, overall vaccinations and getting children vaccinated would be the best way to go. it’s better to be thankful now than to be sorry later. Vaccinations are the best way to keep children from being vulnerable to diseases or viruses. One of the main reasons why a person should get their child vaccinated is that vaccinations can save your child’s life. (Vaccines.com) By going to the doctor and…

    • 617 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Due to the high success rate of vaccinations, it is now becoming rare for children to get serious diseases, like diphtheria, polio or tetanus. Measles and pertussis (whooping cough) are also starting to become less common.…

    • 413 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    pertussis

    • 779 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Pertussis has made a reemergence in well-vaccinated populations. Pathogenic adaptation and the decrease in strength are most likely the cause of the reemergence of pertussis. There is pressure for vaccine research because of the resurgence of the pathogen. Pertussis remains one of the leading causes of vaccine preventable deaths in infants under 1 year of age. Pertussis is a Gram-negative, bacillus called Bordetella pertussis. This bacterium binds to the ciliated epithelial cells in the nasopharynx of the upper respiratory tract. Disease presentation depends on age and history of previous infection or vaccination. Young infants present apnea and cyanosis, with or without disease symptoms. Adults and teens usually show mild symptoms, and have a typical prolonged cough. The human Bordetellea are classified as monomorphic, but there is evidence of genetic variation in B. pertussis. As far as vaccines, there are two types of licensed pertussis vaccines. The first generation is whole cell vaccines (WCVs), which are killed cells. The second generation is acellular vaccines (ACVs), which contain virulence factors. The WCVs contain whole dead cells that can cause more adverse effects compared to ACVs, which have been gradually replacing WCVs. Some of the virulence factors that the ACV uses are pertactin, filamentous hemagglutinin, two fimbriae serotypes, and chemically detoxified pertussis toxin. WCVs induce type 1 helper T cells, which assist cytotoxic T cells. WCVs also induce a broad antibody response against a range of surface antigens. ACVs induce type 2 helper T cells, which assist B cells. It causes a high antibody response against the vaccine antigens presented. Both of these vaccines give satisfactory long-term protection against pertussis. WCV is estimated to protect for 4-12 years and the AVC could last 5-7 years. Programs to vaccinate began in the 1950s with the WCV. This caused a dramatic drop in mortality and morbidity in children.…

    • 779 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The contributing factors that spread pertussis from person to person are lack of knowledge as well as lack of access to care. Some of the people in the community are not aware that pertussis spreads through droplets. The community must be educated on proper hygiene to prevent the spread of pertussis Proper hygiene includes: covering your mouth, washing your hands, and throwing used tissues away. Lack of access to care can be prevented by providing information for free clinics in the community. Additionally, those in the community have religious or cultural reasons why they may not want to get immunized. Providing education to the community about the risks and benefits will ensure the prevention of pertussis.…

    • 116 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Pertussis- Essay

    • 504 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Pertussis is characterized by uncontrollable, severe coughing and a high pitched “whooping” sound. It can take from 1-3 weeks after infection before symptoms begin to show. Early symptoms are similar to those of a common cold – runny nose, slight fever, sneezing, watery eyes, etc. The coughing spells may begin after a couple of weeks and can cause vomiting, fatigue, and even a short loss of consciousness. Not all people develop the whooping sound in their cough so it is important to consider all other symptoms.…

    • 504 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Essay On Pertussis

    • 359 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Pertussis is also spread through direct contact with fluids from nose or mouth. Whooping Cough typically occurs in three stages. Stage one typically last for about 1-2 weeks. After the 1-2 weeks, stage two also known as paroxysms begins. Paroxysms are excessive continuous coughs that happen when thick mucus is being expelled from airway into the lungs. When someone is suffering from paroxysms, they typically display signs of cyanosis due to loss of oxygen. Sometimes the rapid coughing can lead to vomiting as well. This stage can last anywhere between 1-6 weeks and can even exceed to 10 weeks. In the beginning, it may seem as though the individual is normal in between episodes. Stage 3 is supposed to be the recovery stage where the paroxysms begin to decrease gradually over 2-3 weeks…

    • 359 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Protecting your child or children from preventable diseases is very important, and can be the difference between life and death. Vaccination protects your child from serious illnesses and diseases, which can include amputation of a leg or arm, paralysis of limbs, hearing loss, convulsions, and brain damage.…

    • 1011 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Parents do have the freedom of choice, in many cases, to decline vaccinations for their children. Also some children cannot get the vaccines because of medical conditions such as leukemia or other childhood cancers. Because of mass vaccination there has been a steep decline in these diseases. A large number of developed countries experience this which is called “herd immunity.” People who have not or could not get vaccinated are protectioned slightly based on the idea that marjority of children and adults they encounter are vaccinated . Immunization has minimized the threat of outbreak and exposure to communicable diseases . Coincidentally many believe the vaccinated are protecting the unvaccinated. This is one of the many reasons we should encourage parents to vaccinate. This can help protect the children who are too ill or unable to be vaccinated. The increases in denial to vaccinate can destroy the system of “herd immunity” and cause outbreaks of vaccine preventable…

    • 647 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    If a child has not been immunized, he or she runs a much higher risk of contracting diseases and spreading it to other people. Healthy children should receive their childhood immunizations to reduce the risk to those children who cannot receive vaccines due to autoimmune conditions or allergies to the ingredients in vaccines.…

    • 401 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    If the immune system grows and expands it becomes harder for the child to get sick. If the child doesn’t get vaccinations, it will be easier for the child to catch illnesses and diseases that could have been easily avoided. “A child’s immune system is more vulnerable without vaccinations” (Vaccines). Children can get many diseases that vaccines can prevent. “And if it weren’t for vaccines, many children could become seriously ill or even die from diseases such as measles, mumps, and whooping cough” (Vaccines). Overall, vaccines help keep immune systems growing and preventing illness. There are many reasons why vaccines are effective.…

    • 567 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays