perioperative handouts
Peri-operative Nursing
Phases of Peri-operative period
1. PRE- operative phase
2. INTRA- operative phase
3. POST- operative phase
PRE-Operative Phase
Begins when the decision to have surgery is made and ends when the client is transferred to the operating table
INTRA-Operative Phase
Begins when the client is transferred to the operating table and ends when the client is admitted to the post-anesthesia unit
Post-operative Phase
Begins with the admission of the client to the PACU and ends when healing is complete
Activities in the Pre-op
1. Assessing the clients
2. Identifying potential or actual health problems
3. Planning specific care
4. Providing pre-operative teaching
5. Ensure consent is signed
Activities during the Intra-op
1. Assisting the surgeon as scrub nurse and circulating nurse
Activities in the POST-op
2. Assessing responses to surgery
3. Performing interventions to promote healing
4. Prevent complications
5. Planning for home-care
6. Assist the client to achieve optimal recovery
TYPES of SURGERY
1. According to PURPOSE
2. According to degree of URGENCY
3. According to degree of RISK
Effects of Surgery on the Client
Stress respinse (Neuroendocrine response) is activated
Resistance to infection is lowered due to surgical incision
Vascular system is disturbed due to severing of blood vessels and blood loss
Organ function may be altered due to manipulation
Factors influencing Surgical Risk
Age
Nutrition
Fluid and Electrolyte balance
General health status: infection, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary problems, liver dysfunctions, renal dysfunctions or metabolic disorders
Medications affecting Surgery
Anticoagulants like aspirin and NSAIDS should be discontinued 2 weeks
Tranquilizers may cause hypotension and shock
Antibiotics like aminoglycosides may intensify effects of anesthesia
Diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalance antiHPN may cause hypotension
Psychological
Phases of Peri-operative period
1. PRE- operative phase
2. INTRA- operative phase
3. POST- operative phase
PRE-Operative Phase
Begins when the decision to have surgery is made and ends when the client is transferred to the operating table
INTRA-Operative Phase
Begins when the client is transferred to the operating table and ends when the client is admitted to the post-anesthesia unit
Post-operative Phase
Begins with the admission of the client to the PACU and ends when healing is complete
Activities in the Pre-op
1. Assessing the clients
2. Identifying potential or actual health problems
3. Planning specific care
4. Providing pre-operative teaching
5. Ensure consent is signed
Activities during the Intra-op
1. Assisting the surgeon as scrub nurse and circulating nurse
Activities in the POST-op
2. Assessing responses to surgery
3. Performing interventions to promote healing
4. Prevent complications
5. Planning for home-care
6. Assist the client to achieve optimal recovery
TYPES of SURGERY
1. According to PURPOSE
2. According to degree of URGENCY
3. According to degree of RISK
Effects of Surgery on the Client
Stress respinse (Neuroendocrine response) is activated
Resistance to infection is lowered due to surgical incision
Vascular system is disturbed due to severing of blood vessels and blood loss
Organ function may be altered due to manipulation
Factors influencing Surgical Risk
Age
Nutrition
Fluid and Electrolyte balance
General health status: infection, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary problems, liver dysfunctions, renal dysfunctions or metabolic disorders
Medications affecting Surgery
Anticoagulants like aspirin and NSAIDS should be discontinued 2 weeks
Tranquilizers may cause hypotension and shock
Antibiotics like aminoglycosides may intensify effects of anesthesia
Diuretics may cause electrolyte imbalance antiHPN may cause hypotension
Psychological