Organizational Behavior 15/E Robbins & Judge Ch 5-8
Chapter 5
What is personality? * When psychologists talk of personality, they mean a dynamic concept describing the growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system. * The definition of personality most frequently use was produced by Gordon Allport nearly 70 years ago. Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of hose psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment. * For our purposes, personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. * The measureable traits someone exhibits.
Measuring Personality * Research has shown the personality tests are useful in hiring decisions and help managers forecast who is best for a job. * The most common means of measure personality is through self-report surveys, with which individuals evaluate themselves on a series of factors, such as “I worry a lot about the future.” * Problems with self-reports: respondents may lie or practice impression management to create a good impression. They rate themselves about half a standard deviation more conscientious and emotionally stable then if they are taking the test to learn more about themselves. Bad mood can affect the accuracy of the score. * Observer-ratings surveys: provide independent assessment of personality. Done by co-worker or another observer, sometimes with or without the subject’s knowledge. * Observer-ratings surveys are better predictors of success on the job. * Combination of self-report and observer-reports predicts performance better than any one type of information.
Personality Determinants * Personality is result of both heredity and environment but research seems to favor. * Heredity factors determined at conception: Physical stature, facial attractiveness, gender, temperament, muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological rhythms. * Genetics accounts for about
What is personality? * When psychologists talk of personality, they mean a dynamic concept describing the growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system. * The definition of personality most frequently use was produced by Gordon Allport nearly 70 years ago. Personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of hose psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to his environment. * For our purposes, personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others. * The measureable traits someone exhibits.
Measuring Personality * Research has shown the personality tests are useful in hiring decisions and help managers forecast who is best for a job. * The most common means of measure personality is through self-report surveys, with which individuals evaluate themselves on a series of factors, such as “I worry a lot about the future.” * Problems with self-reports: respondents may lie or practice impression management to create a good impression. They rate themselves about half a standard deviation more conscientious and emotionally stable then if they are taking the test to learn more about themselves. Bad mood can affect the accuracy of the score. * Observer-ratings surveys: provide independent assessment of personality. Done by co-worker or another observer, sometimes with or without the subject’s knowledge. * Observer-ratings surveys are better predictors of success on the job. * Combination of self-report and observer-reports predicts performance better than any one type of information.
Personality Determinants * Personality is result of both heredity and environment but research seems to favor. * Heredity factors determined at conception: Physical stature, facial attractiveness, gender, temperament, muscle composition and reflexes, energy level, and biological rhythms. * Genetics accounts for about