Organisms Of Evolution

Ever wonder how evolution comes to be? How some species win and others lose? Evolution has many different ways of making organisms all better, faster, and more adept to live. Four big categories of the mechanisms of evolution are natural selection, gene flow, genetic drift, and mutations. The majority of the time, nature goes by a trial and error system that can take up many centuries to come up with a change that is beneficial. Natural selection is the process in which nature removes its mistakes in the trial and error process. For example, an albino bird in a forest environment. This bird had a mutation in its DNA that caused it to become albino. This bird unfortunately will have a slim chance of survive in this type of environment and will
Mutations are ‘accidental’ changes that happen randomly in our DNA. This usually occurs during DNA replication when a cell is splitting itself into two daughter cells. Most mutations have neutral effects, however there are mutations that affect organisms. Negative mutations may make organisms more susceptible to diseases and disorders which in turn can make an organism's survivability chance decrease. Positive mutations on the other hand, can lead to more successful reproductive and adaptability of an organism in its environment. Germline mutations can be the most beneficial because they will be passed onto offspring. Viruses are prone to evolutionary changes as well. Even more than we are. A viruses RNA-polymerase error rate is 1000 higher than that of the human's
Bacteria become resistant with mutations and by swapping DNA with a bacteria that is already resistant. The resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is a textbook example of evolution. The mutant bacteria will survive due to natural selection and will continue to cause illness in the patient. One thing that can be done to stop this evolution of bacteria is to somehow replace the bacteria's DNA/RNA polymerase with one that is much better and accurate. This might fool the bacteria/virus into thinking this is a positive change and they might keep it which eventually will make them less susceptible to mutations and dramatically slow down their rate of evolution. However, the virus might not accept this as a positive change and natural selection may pick this off right away. Evolution is a very hard if not impossible force of nature to stop. The only way we can play the game is with the same rules. Trial and error, over and over and over