Nt1310 Lab 4.1

4.1.1 State that eukaryotic chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins
4.1.2 Define gene, allele and genome Gene: | Heritable factors that control specific characteristics | Allele: | One specific form of a gene (differing form other alleles by one or few bases, occupying the same gene locus as other alleles of that gene) | Genome: | Whole genetic information of the organism |
Chromosomes are made of DNA and protein
4.1.3 Define gene mutation * Gene mutation is the change in the base sequence of an allele * Will change the mRNA during transcription * Will change the translation of the mRNA in a protein * The changed base sequence may produce different AA sequence in protein translated * Expression of mutated
4.2.4 Explain that non-disjunction can lead to changes in chromosome number, illustrated by reference to Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
4.2.5 State that, in karyotyping, chromosomes are arranged in pairs according to their size and structure
4.2.6 State that karyotyping is performed using cells collected by chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, for pre-natal diagnosis of chromosome