Several specialties exist within the field of medicine. I have chosen 8 specialties to describe. These specialties are: neurology, cardiology, orthopedics, ophthalmology, gastroenterology, urology, dermatology, and gynecology.
Neurologists work with the nervous system. A neurologist studies any disorder that has to do with the nervous system. Neurologists treat patients for a variety of symptoms; patients can be seen for something as minor as lower back pain to something serious like a tumor. Neurologists see patients for migraines and headaches, but they also see patients for serious disorders like seizure disorders or Huntington’s disease.
Neurologists use many different types of scans in order to find the cause to patients’ problems. Neurologists use computerized axial tomography (CAT) scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help diagnose problems in patients. Neurologists use a neurological examination to evaluate their patient. “There are many aspects of this examination, including an assessment of motor and sensory skills, balance and coordination, mental status (the patient 's level of awareness and interaction with the environment), reflexes, and functioning of the nerves.” (OSU.) …show more content…
Diagnostic tools such as endoscopy are used to give the doctor a visual clue as to what is wrong with the digestive system. Some scans are necessary to check internal organs, and these studies can be done with radioactive material to highlight one organ’s processing. Along with diagnostic tools, the gastroenterologist has medicine to treat the problem. H2 blockers treat diseases like GERD by reducing stomach acid in the stomach. These pills work by preventing acid from being released into the stomach in the first place. Some other medicines work to help different problems. Metoclopramide is give to stimulate gastric emptying usually after surgery or in cases of