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MDMA’s Journey from Molly to Medicine, written by Alfonso Serrano and published by Scientific American, analyzes a MDMA-assisted psychotherapy created by the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies, MAPS, that is ready for phase III trials. This is the last step before the treatment would be approved by the federal government. Phase III will test the treatment on a larger sample size, one that would be more effective of providing a significant and representative sample.…
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cultural movement called the "psychedelic movement." Ken Kesey and The "Merry Pranksters" believe they have a new understanding of life when high on LSD, and they…
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This class fits my course of study in many ways. First, coming from a different background, this course gives me an opportunity to learn about drugs. Second, as a psychology major, I am interested to learn about the physical, social, mental effects of drugs. Third, this course meets my cluster requirement.…
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An interesting new development is taking place in pharmacological research. Neuroscientists are picking up where they left off in 1971 and continuing their research on the psychotropic effects of psilocybin, many of which have therapeutic value. There are many ways in which psilocybin works, yet its main mechanism of action seems to be reducing activity in the amygdala via its effects on the serotonergic system. It is through this mechanism that psilocybin has the ability to improve affect, with its effects lasting months after the drug's administration. This reduces the need to take antidepressant drugs on a daily basis. However, in certain circumstances psilocybin can increase negative affect. This is due to psilocybin's ability to enhance pre-existing affect and is easily controllable in a supervised therapeutic setting. In most cases, in addition to improving…
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Psychedelic, what are they? Where did they come from? What do they do? What are the short term and long term effects of hallucinogenic drugs. Do psychedelic show us a different perspective on the life we life we are living or does the drug just use more of our brain and we just can’t tell. Should these drugs even be taken if there going to make are the sense of self fade away.…
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LSD and Politics in the 1960’s Joseph Archer The 1960’s: A Global Counter Cultural Movement Fall 2014 Lysergic acid diethylamide, more commonly known as LSD or acid is a powerful hallucinogenic drug that fascinated a generation of Americans during the 1960’s. LSD was first discovered by Albert Hofmann accidently in 1938 while he was looking for a blood stimulant. In 1943 Hofmann would discover the psychedelic effects of the drug by accidentally consuming some in his lab.…
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Throughout the years people always had the need to express their individuality, and the way its been done has constantly varied in multiple dimensions. Of course time has played a key role but it’s not been the only determinant. It seems for societal changes to occur on a prolific wave-like manner, infecting people, giving them a sense of identification with the current wave of expression. Although somewhat consistent, the unstructured nature of the act allows for individual creativity to take place and perhaps be distinguished enough to influence other people in the same circle; characters who have accomplished this throughout different waves have earned the prestigious title of trendsetters. This esteemed title however has been recently craved by so many, it has incubated the newest and most recent trend in subcultures across the globe: Hipsters. What’s curious about it, however, is that unlike massive and contagious movements in history (as with hippies), Hipsters are characterized by their unrevealed sense of identity to the subculture that surrounds him/her. Hippies on the other hand, although with similar characteristics, physical traits and beliefs, stand parallel to Hipsters in the proudly manner they self-proclaimed themselves Hippies. With this interesting note, we begin our attempt to balance these two sub-cultures with an aim to explore the births of one another, what each one stands/stood for, their do’s and don'ts, and most importantly, what sort of benefits to society have brought the kind of personalities these subcultures have given birth to.…
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Passie explains LSD is a physiological drug known for its ability to change the thinking process. While it is not considered addictive it can lead to other psychiatric reactions such as paranoia and delusions (Passie, Halpern, Stichtenoth, Emrich, & Hintzen, 2008). In 1953, once MKULTRA officially began, LSD was the first phase of experiments. LSD was initially used on mental patients in the state of Kentucky for 174 days to determine the effects on the brain after long term exposure. Use of LSD on CIA agents and military personnel were also conducted in the form of interrogation procedures to determine if it was an effective tool to coax sensitive information (McCoy, 2006, p.…
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When the era of the sixties is brought up, the one thing that everyone thinks of is the era of drugs and revolutions. The topic of drugs is a very complicated one, drugs are not something that has recently sprung up. They have been around in every shape and form for centuries. In particular in the nineteen fifties and nineteen sixties, drugs like Lysergic Acid Diethylamide knew just as acid were being introduced to Americans. The 1960s was a time for revolutions, and drugs played a major role in this. New ways to consume and use drugs were created as people were forced to secretly buy and use them. The most intriguing part is how many scientists and psychologists were involved in the process of bringing LSD into the spotlight. The main purpose of…
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Methamphetamine is a very powerful and addicting narcotic. Though it is a Scheduled 2 narcotic; it is readily availability on the streets for a considerably cheap price. An addiction to methamphetamine can totally disassociate a person from his or her everyday life.…
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The CIA just wanted to study what their reactions would be. This LSD and other drugs were used without the test subjects…
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One general model of hallucinations is the ‘neurophysiological dissociation’ theory proposed by Marrazzi (1962, as cited in Slade 1976). He found that LSD produced inhibition of the association areas without affecting the primary visual cortex. He proposed that hallucinogenic drugs have their effect by producing a functional dissociation between the…
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The past few years have seen scientist investigate the use of LSD as a way to treat mental disorders. Anxiety, depression and PTSD can all be treated from taking acid. Until now, no study has been able to capture what LSD is really doing to the brains of its users. That…
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"The LSD movement was started by the CIA," quipped Timothy Leary with a wide grin on his face. "I wouldn 't be here now without the foresight of the CIA scientists." The one-time Pied Piper of the flower children was in top form, laughing and joking with reporters, as though he hadn 't been chased halfway around the world by US narcotics police and spent the last few years in prison. "It was no accident," Leary mused. "It was all planned and scripted by the Central Intelligence, and I 'm all in favor of Central Intelligence." A jovial mood prevailed throughout much of the panel discussion. Old comrades who had not seen each other for a long time swapped tales of acid glory and reminisced about the wild and unforgettable escapades of yesteryear. "As I look at my colleagues and myself," said Richard Alpert, one of Leary 's original cohorts at Harvard University in the early 1960s, "I see we have proceeded just as we wished to, despite all conditions. I feel that what we are doing today is partly demonstrating that we are not psychotic!" Alpert went on to declare that he didn 't care if he ever took LSD again but that he appreciated what his hundreds of trips had taught him and hoped there would be a more favorable climate for serious LSD research in the near…
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During the 1960s the mainstream drug use was a crucial aspect of the hippie culture, and many of the youth saw using drugs as making a statement. The most popular drugs were Marijuana and LSD, both mid-altering drugs. LSD is a hallucinogen, meaning it affects the central nervous system and changes the way a person sees and feels the reality. One reason hippies turned to LSD was because they needed a culture when they no longer trusted the natural world, and LSD gave this to them. The entire hippie culture centered on LSD, impacting the music, art, and living of the hippies, and this was the first time something like this occurred. These impacts were seen specifically through acid tests, festivals that essentially celebrated LSD, from which the psychedelic style emerged. One explanation for the popularity of LSD is the strong influence and association it had with the psychedelic rock of the sixties. At concerts taking the drug was almost seen as a necessity. After the 1960s, the risks of using LSD became better known. LSD is unpredictable, and many situations in which it had caused death were being publicized through the media. While LSD usage dropped significantly after the 1960s, marijuana and more casual, widespread drug use was a legacy of the counterculture, and hippies specifically. Drugs redefined the Western world-view, as they destroyed the traditions of time,…
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