Localised Chest Pain
Most likely diagnosis considering the clinical picture
Localised chest pain over the sternum is a common symptom and can be an indicator of a large assembly of conditions. Commonly seen in cardiac diseases including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and pericarditis (Patient.info, 2017). As well as in disorders of the gastroesophageal, psychiatric and pulmonary diseases; pneumothorax, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, pleurisy, panic attack and pulmonary embolism (Kaski, 2016; Eslick, Jones and Talley, 2003). We are aware that he is a non-smoker hence smoking related diseases can be eliminated like lung tumours, chronic bronchitis and emphysema (Timens and Popper, 2007).
Chest pain can surface in many different forms some are sharp and …show more content…
Chest pain is due to the occlusion of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a blood clot or a foreign material (Patient.info, 2017). However almost all the cases are secondary results of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism like smoking, obesity and age over 60 years do not proportionate with the patient nor does he have an history of DVT (Konstantinides, 2007). Anxiety can also cause chest pain that is self-eliminating, however it also causes sweating and pre-syncope which is not experienced by this patient (Kaski, Eslick and Bairey Merz, …show more content…
And the incidence of clinical consequences of atherosclerosis such as ischemic heart disease rises with age, especially after the age of 40 (Chambless et al., 1997). It is much more common in men in comparison to women and the important risk factors that predispose towards atherosclerosis include smoking, hypertension, diabetes and high serum cholesterol. The patient is 56 years old, has elevated cholesterol and hypertension which he is on dietary therapy for, hence it is likely he has atheroma formation which is the pathological reason behind his angina pectoris. Most coronary heart diseases (CHD) are caused by atherosclerosis which are responsible for more than 73,000 deaths in the UK each year, about 1 in 6 men die from CHD (Nhs.uk, 2017). The patient has hyperlipidaemia which is anything above 5.0mmol/L and it is closely associate with cardiovascular diseases. There is evidence (Ross and Harker, 1976; Fazio, 2001) that strongly suggests that hyperlipidaemia increases the chances of developing progressive atherosclerosis and hence the chances of having a myocardial infarction, stroke and gangrene of the extremities (Ross, 1993). Myocardial infarction and stroke are possible fatal complications associated with atherosclerosis, as a piece of the thrombus can break off and travel to a smaller artery to block off blood flow to a part of the myocardium or
Localised chest pain over the sternum is a common symptom and can be an indicator of a large assembly of conditions. Commonly seen in cardiac diseases including angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and pericarditis (Patient.info, 2017). As well as in disorders of the gastroesophageal, psychiatric and pulmonary diseases; pneumothorax, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, pleurisy, panic attack and pulmonary embolism (Kaski, 2016; Eslick, Jones and Talley, 2003). We are aware that he is a non-smoker hence smoking related diseases can be eliminated like lung tumours, chronic bronchitis and emphysema (Timens and Popper, 2007).
Chest pain can surface in many different forms some are sharp and …show more content…
Chest pain is due to the occlusion of a pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a blood clot or a foreign material (Patient.info, 2017). However almost all the cases are secondary results of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and the risk factors associated with pulmonary embolism like smoking, obesity and age over 60 years do not proportionate with the patient nor does he have an history of DVT (Konstantinides, 2007). Anxiety can also cause chest pain that is self-eliminating, however it also causes sweating and pre-syncope which is not experienced by this patient (Kaski, Eslick and Bairey Merz, …show more content…
And the incidence of clinical consequences of atherosclerosis such as ischemic heart disease rises with age, especially after the age of 40 (Chambless et al., 1997). It is much more common in men in comparison to women and the important risk factors that predispose towards atherosclerosis include smoking, hypertension, diabetes and high serum cholesterol. The patient is 56 years old, has elevated cholesterol and hypertension which he is on dietary therapy for, hence it is likely he has atheroma formation which is the pathological reason behind his angina pectoris. Most coronary heart diseases (CHD) are caused by atherosclerosis which are responsible for more than 73,000 deaths in the UK each year, about 1 in 6 men die from CHD (Nhs.uk, 2017). The patient has hyperlipidaemia which is anything above 5.0mmol/L and it is closely associate with cardiovascular diseases. There is evidence (Ross and Harker, 1976; Fazio, 2001) that strongly suggests that hyperlipidaemia increases the chances of developing progressive atherosclerosis and hence the chances of having a myocardial infarction, stroke and gangrene of the extremities (Ross, 1993). Myocardial infarction and stroke are possible fatal complications associated with atherosclerosis, as a piece of the thrombus can break off and travel to a smaller artery to block off blood flow to a part of the myocardium or