Preview

Investment Risk in Stock Market Securities

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1288 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Investment Risk in Stock Market Securities
Investment Risk in Stock Market Securities
Introduction:
Stories of people making fortunes from the securities market have enticed many others into risky investments. Congress created the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) to protect investors. Many corporation managers became greedy and made self-serving decisions that created the principle-agent problems. The solutions for these problems lead to more unethical behavior from management. The creative use of financial statements even tricked analysts and brokers. Public trust began to erode with unethical corporation behavior. Analyst's suspicions of some corporations cooking the books were confirmed with an announcement from WorldCom. The public's distrust started to mount while accusing brokers of hyping stocks. People began to invest without brokers' advice. With numerous risks rising for individual investors, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the SEC responded by passing the Reg AC act.
Ordinary Investors Enter the Market:
Golden opportunities lie ahead for those who invest well in stock market securities. "The stock market, which was once the province of the very rich, is now easily accessible to millions of ordinary investors." (Ethical Issues in Financial Services). Ordinary investors have flooded stock market securities with money in hopes of striking it rich. Many people were told by investment brokers the stock market securities are safer than it used to be. They were informed the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) are the watchdog for the small investor.
Congress Acts to Protect Investors:
Congress created the SEC shortly after the 1929 stock market crash in order to protect investors. Their goal was to restore investor confidence and faith in the financial sector, which was notorious for fraudulent activities, easy credit, and hazardous investments. (Investopedia). The NASD is the largest self-regulatory organization

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) originated on July 29, 2002 due to fraudulent bookkeeping practices and misleading financial reports from large corporations. These practices created a number of accounting scandals, which resulted in this in the government creating such an act. The purpose was to prevent and punish corporate corruption and, along the way, try to repair investor confidence. The law was passed by congress after well-known companies (Enron, Peregrine Systems and Tyco International, to name a few) caused great humiliations to its investors, which in result cost them billions of dollars. The share prices of the affected companies collapsed, which shook public confidence in the nation’s securities markets.…

    • 433 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Acc291Individual Paper

    • 649 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) was created in response to the series of misleading and fraudulent activities of publicly traded big business’s in the 1990s. During this time, multiple large publicly-traded businesses increased their stock prices by “publishing false or deceptive financial statements” (Lasher, 2008, p. 187). The most publicly charged company was Enron, which was then followed by Xerox, WorldCom and Global Crossing. This resulted in millions of dollars of stock market value disappearing in what seemed to be overnight. It is in response to these events that Congress drafted and passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.…

    • 649 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Congress reacted to the scandals by enacting a bill on July 30th, 2002 known as “Public Company Accounting Reform and investor Protection Act and Corporate and Auditing Accountability and Responsibility Act” also known as Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The bill was named after the sponsors Senator Paul Sarbanes and U.S Representative Michael Oxley, henceforth the name Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The act was enacted to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures made pursuant to the securities laws.…

    • 2313 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Sarbanes Oxley Act

    • 3132 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Financial reporting has been dissected over and over again by legislation. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) hold the key to providing protection and integrity when companies are submitting their financial statements. Although their mission is to provide order and efficiency for financial markets, insidious plans are still developed by companies which ultimately result in turmoil to the economy. To provide a safeguard to investors, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) was passed by congress in 2002, which was constructed because of fraudulent acts of well-known companies such as Enron. Before the SOX was inaugurated, two sets of accounting rules were used as guides for CPA firms.…

    • 3132 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Acc 290 Week 5 Analysis

    • 470 Words
    • 2 Pages

    In recent years there have been many highly publicized financial accounting scandals. Enron, WorldCom, and AIG are a few of the well- known corporate companies that have been involved in financial reporting scandals. United Sates regulators and lawmakers made known their concerns of mistrust in corporate accounting, because of unethical financial reporting. In 2002 Congress formed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act to certify that publically traded companies were reporting their finances honestly. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act specifies the requirements for financial reporting for public Corporations. The Securities and Exchange Commission oversees the financial reports from these companies. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act calls for all publicly traded corporations to…

    • 470 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    • 330 Words
    • 2 Pages

    This article discussed the reasons why the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted. The corporate fraud and dishonesty the was present in companies such as Enron Corp, WorldCom, and Adelphia Communications, Inc. required the Federal government to enact legislation that would protect the free enterprise system within the United States.…

    • 330 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Sarbanes-Oxley

    • 1874 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was created by sponsors U.S. Senator Paul Sarbanes(D-MD) and U.S. Representative Michael G. Oxley (R-OH) in response to very public corporate fraud and accounting scandals. In a seemingly short period of time, Enron, Tyco International, Adelphia, Peregrine Systems and WorldCom all collapsed. The majority of these scandals resulted from the inaccurate reporting of financial transactions. The financial statements of these organizations were so gravely misrepresented and misstated that once the organizations' records were presented fairly, it caused the total collapse of the company. As a result of these scandals, investors lost billions of dollars when the share prices collapsed, and the public lost confidence in the nation's securities markets and the auditor who were supposed to protect the public's interest.…

    • 1874 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Into the early 1900s, most managers seemed content to work toward maximizing shareholder wealth in return for large salaries. However, by the 1920s, this accord had changed drastically. Insider trading, stock price manipulation and diversion of corporate funds for personal use was rampant. The goal of the organization had shifted to maximizing the interests of management. Recognizing these abuses and a need for change, Congress enacted the Securities Act of 1933, which, among other restrictions, outlawed insider trading and other attempts to manipulate the market. This act and the establishment of the SEC in 1934 helped to reduce the agency conflict between owners and managers. During the 1960s and 1970s, senior management compensation was more typically tied to the size of the firm: the bigger the firm, the bigger the salary. This ushered in a new goal for the corporation, at least from management’s perspective, to seek rapid expansion of the firm with little concern for risk, profitability, cost, or stock price. During this time, managers spent lavishly on themselves even when their companies were in financial trouble. The 1980s saw another shift with the beginning of the shareholder value…

    • 867 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Busn 115 Week 1 Analysis

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In the United States, the public capital markets are controlled basically by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The laws that helps and provides the SEC the permission to define the form and content of the financial reports filed with the Commission. The SEC is accountable for administering federal securities laws written to give protection for investors. (Skousen, K. Fred, 1991). At the beginning of the 21st century, the finding of accounting malpractices among many popular American companies bought demand for SEC activities. However, in 1934 the federal agency established to accomplish the provisions of the SEC Act and to safeguard…

    • 878 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    • 1677 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted on July 2012 under the administration of President George W. Bush. The passage of this law was a reaction to a number of major corporate and accounting scandals that included Enron, Tyco International, WorldCom and Adelphia. What the myriads of corporate scandals have in common was skewed and questionable reporting of financial transactions that cost investors billions of dollars. Stock prices of these companies collapsed and questioned the confidence of the independent auditors and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) were questioned. Commonly referred to as Sarbox or SOX, the Act was named after the…

    • 1677 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Enron Case Analysis

    • 827 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Some investors that are misled lost chunk if not all of their investments. The public, investors, employees, pension holders and politicians were so outraged and wanted to why Enron's failings were not spotted earlier. Enron did not do these all alone, they have accomplice in the name of another giant accounting/auditing company called Arthur Andersen where they helped the firm overlooked significant debts that are not the Enron’s financial statement. They knew that Enron was over its head but they let the company conceal its debt over a long period of that which eventually led to the downfall of the company. The highlight of this section is that Enron’s top managements self interest, greed led to presenting the investors and board of directors misleading financial statements. Because of their greed and self interest, a crime was committed that led to prosecution of some of the Enron’s top managers. For example, Former Enron executive Michael Kopper pleads guilty to conspiracy to commit wire fraud and money laundering conspiracy. While Andrew Fastow Former CFO was charged with securities fraud, wire fraud, mail fraud, money laundering and conspiracy. To avoid another Enron, the US Congress passed a law called Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002…

    • 827 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    • 1115 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The Sarbanes-Oxley act arose as a result of several corporate accounting scandals that became public in late 2001 and early 2002. These scandals involved many publicly traded companies such as Enron, which “boosted profits and hid debts totaling over $1 billion by improperly using off-the-books partnerships”; WorldCom, which “overstated…

    • 1115 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    New Deal Dbq

    • 445 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The SEC is a government commission created by Congress to regulate the securities market and protect investors. It was created in 1934 to regulate the stock market after the crash. The goals included preventing people with inside information about companies from "rigging" the stock market for their own profit. This lies among the lines of recovery and reform. It is also designed to promote full public disclosure and to protect the public with investing against fraud. The SEC still runs today, helping people with their…

    • 445 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Answer: the SEC protects investors, maintains fair, orderly, and efficient markets, along with facilitates capitals’ formations.…

    • 515 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Jones, Ronald. “Securities Exchange Act of 1934.” Securities Lawyer’s Deskbook. 1998-2009. The University of Cincinnati College of Law. April 4, 2010. http://www.law.uc.edu/CCL/34Act/index.html…

    • 1955 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays

Related Topics