Incidental And Intentional Learning
Incidental and intentional learning
a) Incidental learning is when you don’t try and learn something however it still is stored in your LTM. Intentional learning is when you try and learn something.
b) Aim: To investigate depth of processing by giving participants a number of tasks requiring different levels of processing and measuring recognition.
Method: A repeated measures design experiment with three conditions. They were given a list of 60 words; they had to process them one at a time at 3 different levels:
1. At a deep level they might be asked a question, such as ‘Does this word fit into the sentence?’
2. At an phonemic level, they might be asked, ‘Does this word rhyme with?’
3. At a shallow level, they might be asked, ‘Is this word in capital letters?’
Results: Significantly more words were recalled if processed deeply
Conclusion: As deeper processing resulted in better recognition, then the level at which material is processed must be related to memory
Lop is over simplified because it is also effected by the amount of effort needed to process that information, Tyler et al.
Lop is a circular model because it says that deep processing leads to better memory, so that things that are remembered better must have been deeply processed. However, there is no independent measure of deep processing.
a) Incidental learning is when you don’t try and learn something however it still is stored in your LTM. Intentional learning is when you try and learn something.
b) Aim: To investigate depth of processing by giving participants a number of tasks requiring different levels of processing and measuring recognition.
Method: A repeated measures design experiment with three conditions. They were given a list of 60 words; they had to process them one at a time at 3 different levels:
1. At a deep level they might be asked a question, such as ‘Does this word fit into the sentence?’
2. At an phonemic level, they might be asked, ‘Does this word rhyme with?’
3. At a shallow level, they might be asked, ‘Is this word in capital letters?’
Results: Significantly more words were recalled if processed deeply
Conclusion: As deeper processing resulted in better recognition, then the level at which material is processed must be related to memory
Lop is over simplified because it is also effected by the amount of effort needed to process that information, Tyler et al.
Lop is a circular model because it says that deep processing leads to better memory, so that things that are remembered better must have been deeply processed. However, there is no independent measure of deep processing.