Some of the factors that can affect the reaction rate are surface area, temperature, and concentration and pressure.
Surface area is the exposed, outer layer of a solid. Increased surface area increases reaction rate because more particles on the surface of a solid come in contact with the particles of another substance. For example, if you place a donut stick into water, the donut will react slowly with the acid. This is because the acid only comes in contact with the particles on the surface of the donut. But, if you crush the donut first, more of the particles come in contact with the acid, and the reactions occurs faster.
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