Economic pressure from the west forced China to open to foreign trade and influence.
The Chinese looked down on all foreigners, out of pride in their ancient culture. When the Qing emperor agreed to receive an ambassador from England, the emperor was not impressed because they already had everything. The European merchants were determined to find a product that the Chinese would purchase in large quantities. Eventually, the Europeans found opium, which is a drug that millions of Chinese people became addicted to. The Qing emperor was upset and sent a letter to Britain to stop trading opium with them, but they refused.
It led to the Opium War of 1839, which was the clash between the British and