Europe was also affected by changes within the colonies. By the mid-1700s, creoles (partially descendants from white colonists) were participating vastly in a number of Royal audiencas in Europe. Nevertheless, the Bourbons kings usually discriminated against the creoles when the imperial appointments were made. Creoles were not always seen as having the same rights as whites with “pure” blood. Creole discontent lay at the heart of the war of independence, and creole unhappiness had grown through the previous century” (Eakin, 158). Another trigger for the war of independence was high taxation. Added to these problems were the revolts happening within the colonies. “Although not direct cause of the wars of independence, serious and racial uprising in the second half of the eighteenth century certainly helped set the stage for the wars of independence across Spanish and Portuguese America” (Eakin, 160). One of the greatest fears of white Europeans was perhaps the fear of race wars and social uprising. These fears came true …show more content…
The monarchies of Spain and Portugal were not only facing with challenges against other European powers such as the English, French and Dutch; but they were also facing internal revolts inside their colonies. Although the Indian society participated in their own oppression, they also made efforts to respond to the oppression of colonialism. “In 1666, [for example], the Spaniards discovered a plot to cut off Lima set afire, and eliminate the Spanish population” (Spalding, 270). This along with many other attempts of rebellion against Europeans were not very successful, though. The reason for such failure are not quite precise, however, a series of factor can be taken into place. First, Indian society was not very united as a whole. They were always in conflict with one another. Indeed, the only factor that may have led them to organize against the conquistadores was so hatred colonial experience.” The colonial experience gave the natives a ‘common enemy’ it created other groups, and it gave all the members of Andean society an enemy to focus for their frustrations and anger” ( Spalding,279).Second, natives became accustomed to Spanish ways of living. They felt somewhat identified with the Spanish culture. In addition, “well-founded suspicion, bred hesitation and disunity, which in turn hobbled the cooperation and dedication needed to broaden a rebellion that had