Fusarium Spp Case Study
2.4.3.1. Fusarium Spp. : - is one of the most important genera of plant pathogenic fungi, with a record of devastating infections in many kinds of economically important plants. The genus Fusarium belongs to the Ascomycota phylum, Ascomycetes class, Hypocreales order, while the teleomorphs of Fusarium species are mostly classified in the genus Gibberella, and for a smaller number of species, Hemanectria and Albonectria genera (Moretti, 2009).
Unlike most Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp. grows in crops before harvest, and grows only at high water availability levels and generally considered as field fungi rather than storage fungi (Barney et al., 1995). Mycotoxins are therefore usually produced before or immediately after …show more content…
Aspergillus Spp. :- is a genus of Hyphomycetes and reproduce only by sexual spores and the stature that bear sexual spore is most important taxonomy; spore-bearing cells distinguishes Aspergillus from Penicillium, as phialide production in Penicillium and a related genus is always successive, not simultaneous (Hocking, 2006). The genus was first described almost 300 years ago and is an important genus in foods, both from the point of view of spoilage and mycotoxins production (Pitt and Hocking, 1997). There are over 200 species of Aspergillus occupy divers ecology worldwide; within section the two predominantly aflatoxin producing species are A. flavus and A. parasitucus (Pitt and hocking, …show more content…
Penicillin Spp. :- Penicillium is a large genus with about 200 species recognized and at least 50 species of common occurrences (Pitt, 1999). The discovery of penicillin in 1929 gave recognition of mycotoxins and nearly 100 Penicillium species have been reported as toxin producers. Of these the following nine mycotoxins produced by 17 Penicillium species are potentially significant to human health. citreoviridin, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxin A, patulin, penitrem A, PR toxin, Roquefortine C, and Secalonic acid D (Peterson et al.,1999 and Pitt, 2013). The toxins produced by Penicillium species can affect the liver and kidney function in humans or animals (Peterson et
Unlike most Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp. grows in crops before harvest, and grows only at high water availability levels and generally considered as field fungi rather than storage fungi (Barney et al., 1995). Mycotoxins are therefore usually produced before or immediately after …show more content…
Aspergillus Spp. :- is a genus of Hyphomycetes and reproduce only by sexual spores and the stature that bear sexual spore is most important taxonomy; spore-bearing cells distinguishes Aspergillus from Penicillium, as phialide production in Penicillium and a related genus is always successive, not simultaneous (Hocking, 2006). The genus was first described almost 300 years ago and is an important genus in foods, both from the point of view of spoilage and mycotoxins production (Pitt and Hocking, 1997). There are over 200 species of Aspergillus occupy divers ecology worldwide; within section the two predominantly aflatoxin producing species are A. flavus and A. parasitucus (Pitt and hocking, …show more content…
Penicillin Spp. :- Penicillium is a large genus with about 200 species recognized and at least 50 species of common occurrences (Pitt, 1999). The discovery of penicillin in 1929 gave recognition of mycotoxins and nearly 100 Penicillium species have been reported as toxin producers. Of these the following nine mycotoxins produced by 17 Penicillium species are potentially significant to human health. citreoviridin, citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxin A, patulin, penitrem A, PR toxin, Roquefortine C, and Secalonic acid D (Peterson et al.,1999 and Pitt, 2013). The toxins produced by Penicillium species can affect the liver and kidney function in humans or animals (Peterson et