Frequency Distribution
Statistics:
• Science of gathering, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data
• Measurement taken on a sample
• Type of distribution being used to analyze data
Descriptive statistics:
Using data gathered on a group to describe or reach conclusions about that same group only. Descriptive statistics are the tabular, graphical, and numerical methods used to summarize data.
Collect, organize, summarize, display, analyze
Eg: According to Consumer Reports, General Electric washing machine owners reported 9 problems per 100 machines during 2002. The statistic 9 describes the number of problems out of every 100 machines.
Inferential statistics:
Using sample data to reach conclusions about the population from which the sample was taken. Statistical inference is the process of using data obtained from a small group of elements (the sample) to make estimates and test hypotheses about the characteristics of a larger group of elements (the population).
Predict/forecast, make estimates about population behavior based on sample, , test hypothesis, make decisions
Eg 1: TV networks constantly monitor the popularity of their programs by hiring Nielsen and other organizations to sample the preferences of TV viewers.
Eg 2: The accounting department of a large firm will select a sample of the invoices to check for accuracy for all the invoices of the company.
Data:
Data are the facts and figures that are collected, summarized, analyzed, and interpreted. The data collected in a particular study are referred to as the data set. The elements are the entities on which data are collected. A variable is a characteristic of interest for the elements. The set of measurements collected for a particular element is called an observation. The total number of data values in a data set is the number of elements multiplied by the number of variables.
Why do we need data:
• To assist in formulating alternative courses of action
• To provide input to
• Science of gathering, analyzing, interpreting, and presenting data
• Measurement taken on a sample
• Type of distribution being used to analyze data
Descriptive statistics:
Using data gathered on a group to describe or reach conclusions about that same group only. Descriptive statistics are the tabular, graphical, and numerical methods used to summarize data.
Collect, organize, summarize, display, analyze
Eg: According to Consumer Reports, General Electric washing machine owners reported 9 problems per 100 machines during 2002. The statistic 9 describes the number of problems out of every 100 machines.
Inferential statistics:
Using sample data to reach conclusions about the population from which the sample was taken. Statistical inference is the process of using data obtained from a small group of elements (the sample) to make estimates and test hypotheses about the characteristics of a larger group of elements (the population).
Predict/forecast, make estimates about population behavior based on sample, , test hypothesis, make decisions
Eg 1: TV networks constantly monitor the popularity of their programs by hiring Nielsen and other organizations to sample the preferences of TV viewers.
Eg 2: The accounting department of a large firm will select a sample of the invoices to check for accuracy for all the invoices of the company.
Data:
Data are the facts and figures that are collected, summarized, analyzed, and interpreted. The data collected in a particular study are referred to as the data set. The elements are the entities on which data are collected. A variable is a characteristic of interest for the elements. The set of measurements collected for a particular element is called an observation. The total number of data values in a data set is the number of elements multiplied by the number of variables.
Why do we need data:
• To assist in formulating alternative courses of action
• To provide input to