Experiment 1 To 6 Discussion

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1 LAB EXPERIMENT NO. 1 to 6 DISCUSSION

EXPERIMENT NO. 1: Mel=ng Points And Boiling Points Of Organic Compounds Mel=ng Point

-­‐ temperature at which the liquid and solid are in equilibrium at a pressure of 1 atm

Mel=ng Point Range

-­‐ determines the purity of a solid sample

-­‐ temp at which the solids start to liquefy

-­‐ temp at which the solid is completely liquid.

Importance of Mel/ng Point Determina/on: 1. Calibra=on of Thermometer 2. Determina=on of the purity of the substance

MP range

Factors Affec=ng the Mel=ng Point: 1. Intermolecular forces of ASrac=on 2. Geometric isomers 3. Purity

Intermolecular Forces of ASrac=on A. Hydrogen Bonding

-­‐ strongest of all intermolecular forces of aSrac=on

-­‐Only when a hydrogen shares electrons with a highly electronega=ve atom (O, N, F, or Cl) will it carry a large par=al posi=ve charge.

B. Dipole-­‐dipole Forces

-­‐ result when polar molecules line up their

OPPOSITE charges.

C. London Dispersion Forces

-­‐ weakest of all intermolecular forces of aSrac=on

-­‐ uneven electron distribu=on due to constant random mo=on of the electrons in the molecule that produces a temporary dipole, which can induce a temporary dipole in a neighboring molecule.

Consider the