Exam 2 Notes
Interest Groups
A group of people with shared feelings or attitudes that try to influence government policy making. Pluralism leads to interest groups.
Federalist Papers
Alexander Hamilton, James, Madison, John Jay (Publius) Fall 1787-Spring 1789
Federalist 10 (Madison)
An analysis of nature, causes, and effects of factions and a search for a way to control them.
“Curing the Mischiefs”
1. Remove the cause
2. Control the effects
Propaganda- takes them from where they are to where they want them to be.
Wants reader to approve ratifications of constitution. If we can eliminate the cause (freedom, or making everyone equal) of factions, we won’t have them. Somewhat practical. If you cannot remove cause, control the effects. Form democracy.
Constitution, Declaration of Independence, Federalist papers >>> Window into minds of writers
Factors leading to Interest Groups Effectiveness:
Size, Geographical Location, Money, Intensity of Issue, Leadership Skills
Interest Group Tactics:
1. Public Relations (Grassroots Lobbying)- Bulk of time is spent on this
2. Electioneering- ret “friend” elected and “enemies” defeated
Corrupt Practices Act of 1925 – led to the creation of Political Action Committees (PACs)
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971- regulates the financing of political campaigns
a. $1,000 contribution limit for individuals
b. $5,000 contribution limit for PACs
c. Created Federal Election Commission
Buckley v Valeo (1976)- struck down many provisions to a law that limited campaign, individual, and group expenditures
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (McCain-Feingold Act)- amended the Fed Election Campaign
$2,000 per individual donor, Halted all political advertising by outside groups within 60 days of election
Soft Dollars v Hard Dollars- instead of paying the service providers with cash (hard), the mutual fund will pay in-kind (soft) by passing on business to the brokerage
Citizens United v FEC (2010)- threw out limits of
A group of people with shared feelings or attitudes that try to influence government policy making. Pluralism leads to interest groups.
Federalist Papers
Alexander Hamilton, James, Madison, John Jay (Publius) Fall 1787-Spring 1789
Federalist 10 (Madison)
An analysis of nature, causes, and effects of factions and a search for a way to control them.
“Curing the Mischiefs”
1. Remove the cause
2. Control the effects
Propaganda- takes them from where they are to where they want them to be.
Wants reader to approve ratifications of constitution. If we can eliminate the cause (freedom, or making everyone equal) of factions, we won’t have them. Somewhat practical. If you cannot remove cause, control the effects. Form democracy.
Constitution, Declaration of Independence, Federalist papers >>> Window into minds of writers
Factors leading to Interest Groups Effectiveness:
Size, Geographical Location, Money, Intensity of Issue, Leadership Skills
Interest Group Tactics:
1. Public Relations (Grassroots Lobbying)- Bulk of time is spent on this
2. Electioneering- ret “friend” elected and “enemies” defeated
Corrupt Practices Act of 1925 – led to the creation of Political Action Committees (PACs)
Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971- regulates the financing of political campaigns
a. $1,000 contribution limit for individuals
b. $5,000 contribution limit for PACs
c. Created Federal Election Commission
Buckley v Valeo (1976)- struck down many provisions to a law that limited campaign, individual, and group expenditures
Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (McCain-Feingold Act)- amended the Fed Election Campaign
$2,000 per individual donor, Halted all political advertising by outside groups within 60 days of election
Soft Dollars v Hard Dollars- instead of paying the service providers with cash (hard), the mutual fund will pay in-kind (soft) by passing on business to the brokerage
Citizens United v FEC (2010)- threw out limits of