Essay On Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is a symptomatic disease caused by Salmonella Typhi. The bacteria generally responsible for the enteric fever syndrome is S enterica serotype Typhi (1). It is characterized by fever, red-colored rash, severe abdominal pain, and slow heart, beat. It concentrates on the intestine and the channel of infection (2). Typhoid fever is usually found in under-developed countries with poor sanitation (3). Statistics show that between seventeen and twenty-two million cases are reported and two hundred sixty thousand to six hundred thousand deaths occur each year (4). Typhoid fever mostly infects children and teenagers more than adults (5). It can be treated with antibiotics, however, resistance to common antimicrobials is widespread so many cases cannot be
Symptoms vary from mild to severe due to several conditions such as the initiation of the appropriate therapy, age, the choice of antimicrobial therapy, previous exposure to the fever, and vaccination history. These symptoms usually begin to appear from one to three weeks after exposure. Symptoms include malaise, cough, small fever, headache, diarrhea, and red-colored spots on the chest, and magnified spleen and liver. (7) First of all, the main cause of Typhoid fever is the bacteria Salmonella typhi, which infects humans only. It is transmitted by the consumption of polluted food and water. In other words, transmission usually occurs through eating raw fruit and vegetables which are fertilized by human excreta. Additionally, it is easily transmitted through milk and other dairy products such as yogurt and cheese. In a like manner, transmission also occurs when a large number of people drink from the same source of water such as rivers, streams, and lakes. Moreover, flies may transmit the infection by carrying the bacteria, Salmonella typhi, from one person to another