Essay On Colonialism

According to The Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, the word ‘colony’ refers to a country which is ruled by a powerful country, and the word ‘colonialism’ refers to the process through which this powerful country controls other countries.
Loomba (1998) defined colonialism as the taking and control of other people’s land and goods which started from the sixteenth century. Colonialism, along with the spread of European powers into Asia, Africa or America, has had a conspicuous place in the history of human being (p. 2).
By the end of 1930s colonialism had covered at least 84 percent of the world. Most of the countries in the world were under the power of colonialism. Colonialism has two archives. The first one refers to those countries which were formerly colonies of Europe. The other one relates to the first archive and also refers to resistance to colonialism, colonial ideologies and forms (Childs & Williams,
In Marxist ideology, earlier colonialism was considered as the era of pre-capitalism and modern colonialism was established alongside capitalism in Western Europe. In the former kind of colonialism, the colonizers extract goods and wealth from the colonized countries, but in the latter besides extracting wealth, the colonizers enter the colonized countries in a complex economic relationship which affected their attitude toward themselves. In this process, natural and human resources are exchanged between the colonized and the colonizer. The colonized countries prepare slave force and market for the colonizer goods and capital. In the colonial system, the colonizer favors population growth of the colonized, because it reduces the cost of labour. The colonizers consider the colonized as subhuman and deny them the human rights; as a result the colonizers establish themselves as the valued and elite