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El Cambio Social En Puerto Rico Y El Modelo de Autogestión Comunitaria

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El Cambio Social En Puerto Rico Y El Modelo de Autogestión Comunitaria
El Cambio Social en Puerto Rico y el Modelo de Autogestión Comunitaria

Introducción

Este escrito tiene como objetivo central describir y analizar la autogestión comunitaria según propuesta por la Ley 1 del 1 de marzo de 2001. Esta ley permite la creación de la Oficina de Comunidades Especiales, cuyo fin primordial fue erradicar la pobreza en Puerto Rico, mediante la implantación de un modelo social que incorporara la capacidad y voluntad de trabajo de las comunidades en la solución de sus problemas. Al mismo tiempo, dicha legislación dispuso que fuera responsabilidad del Estado promover la creación de condiciones que permitieran resolver el grave problema de marginalidad que existe en estas comunidades llamadas especiales, estimulando el que sus residentes se involucraran activamente en el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida (Lexjuris, 2001). También, bajo algunos marcos teóricos discutidos en clase se pretenderá contextualizar dichas relaciones a la realidad puertorriqueña con el fin de exponer los vínculos sociales surgentes de la interacción Estado, comunidad e individuo bajo dicho proyecto de ley. Finalmente, se busca mostrar, dentro de la problemática de la autogestión comunitaria, como el Estado traspasa la responsabilidad a las barriadas pobres y a sus residentes de gestionar su propio desplazamiento fuera del estatus de marginalidad y pobreza.
El Programa de Comunidades Especiales. Para entender este Programa es necesario ubicarlo en el contexto socio- político en que surge. En las últimas décadas los indicadores económicos de Puerto Rico crecieron pero los indicadores sociales y de desarrollo humano no aumentaron con igual velocidad (Colón Reyes. 2003). Ha existido allí una situación de pobreza que se ha mantenido, no por falta de desarrollo sino a pesar del mismo. El número de personas bajo el umbral de la pobreza, de acuerdo al censo de USA para Puerto Rico del año 2000, es de alrededor del 48% de la población. Cerca de

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