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Educational Psychology Note for Post Graduate Diploma in Education

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Educational Psychology Note for Post Graduate Diploma in Education
1
Prepared by Kamani Siriwardane

PGDE- Educational Psychology
Educational Theories
Piaget
(Jean Piaget)

Theory of cognitive development
Theory is based on observation of his own three children

.
“Intelligence is an assimilative process”
 Maturation
 Activity
 Social transition
Primary schema
 The main stages of cognitive development  Sensory motor stage(0-2)
 Pre-operational stage(2-7)
 Concrete operational stage(7-11)
 Formal operational stage (11-15)

Bruner

Theory of cognitive development

Stages of cognitive development
 Enactive representation
 Iconic representation
 Symbolic representation

Vygotsky

Theory of cognitive development

He emphasizes that in a child there is a zone of proximal development. This zone encompasses a range of skills or abilities. The child can reach or acquire these only with the help and guidance of adults.

Thorndike

Behavioural theory of learning
(Trial and error theory- stimuli response) Cat, cage with a button and food
Behavioural theory of learning
(Theory of classical conditioning )
Dog, bell and meat (Saliva)

The two principles are
 The law of exercise
 The law of effect

Pavlov

Skinner

Behavioural theory of learning
(Theory of operant conditioning)
Teaching pigeon to dance

Kurt Lewin

Cognitive theory
(field theory)

Koffka, Kohler and Wertheimer

Field Cognitive theory or the
Gestalt theory

 Conditioned stimuli
 Conditioned response
 Extinction
 Spontaneous recovery
 Stimulus generalization
Two main principles
 Behaviour shaping
 Reinforcement schedules
 Interval schedules
 Ratio schedules

 Physical field
 Psychological field
 Social field

2
Prepared by Kamani Siriwardane
Gagne
Cognitive theory
Theory of learning hierarchy

 Conditions of learning
 Intellectual skills
 Verbal information
 Cognitive strategies
 Attitudes
 Psycho-motor skills
 Process of learning

Bruner
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