Disorders and Diseases Affecting the Lymphatic System

Disorders and Diseases Affecting the Lymphatic System The lymphatic system plays a key role in regulating the flow of fluids and proteins between the tissues and the general circulation. The lymphatic vessels collect fluid, white blood cells, proteins, and particulate matter that have leaked out of the capillaries into interstitial space. Lymph fluid then flows to the lymph nodes, which act as filters. The fluid is transported to the circulatory system routed through the lymphatic duct and thoracic duct to the right and left subclavian veins. Lymphatic fluid is moved by intrinsic contractions of the lymphatic vessels or by extrinsic compression caused by skeletal muscle contractions. Lymphedema is an abnormal condition in which poor function of the lymphatic system allows fluid to buildup in the tissue. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014) Lymphedema can lead to inflammation and stiffening or fibrosis of the affected tissue. Lymphedema is chronic condition that can occur anywhere in the body, but more commonly in the extremities, especially the lower extremities. Lymphedema can cause an array of problems, including infection, decreased limb function, psychosocial, and psychological damage. There are three forms of lymphedema, one known as Milroy disease which is present from birth to the age of two. Second is lymphedema praecox also known as Miege disease which occurs around puberty; and the third is lymphedema tarda which occurs after 35. A secondary lymphedema often arises as a result of lymph nodes being removed during cancer surgery or after radiation treatments used to fight cancer. (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014)
Most common treatment of lymphedema is complete decongestive therapy (CDT) which has two-phase course. The first phase last several weeks and consists of a combination of skin care, compressed bandage, exercise, and a form of massage called manual lymph drainage. The second phase is (CDT) favoring self-treatment and the use of compressed