Chronic Training Adaptations
Chronic Training Adaptations
Exercise or training regularly over an extended period of time (3 times per week for 6-8 weeks) leads to the development of long-term or chronic adaptations to training. Evidence of these adaptations can occur at various stages
Once achieved, these adaptations are retrained unless training ceases. Upon cessation, the body will gradually revert to its pre-training condition (de-training).
Unlike acute responses to exercises, chronic adaptations to training vary greatly and are dependant upon: • Type and method of training undertaken – aerobic vs anaerobic training. Chronic responses are very specific to the type of training performed. • The frequency, duration and intensity of the training …show more content…
• They decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD)and other health-related illnesses. • Cardio-respiratory adaptations are best developed through continuous, fartlek and longer interval type training.
Cardiovascular Adaptations:
Cardiac hypertrophy (increased ventricular volume): • Enlargement of the heart muscle itself • Increase in size and volume of the ventricular chambers, particularly the left ventricle occurs. • Significantly increases stroke volume
Increased capillarisation of the heart muscle:
• Increase in capillarisation of the heart muscle itself (Increase in capillary density and blood flow to the heart muscle) • Increased supply of blood and oxygen allows the heart to beat more strongly and efficiently during rest and exercise • Coronary protective benefit (therefore decreased risk of heart attack)
Increased stroke volume of the heart:
Heart ejects a greater volume of blood with each beat
Stroke volume is greater at rest, during sub-max and max workloads for a trained athlete compared to an untrained …show more content…
(Increase ability to extract oxygen)
Increased muscular fuel stores:
Increase in the muscular storage of glycogen, free fatty acids and triglycerides, along with the oxidative enzymes required to metabolise these fuel stores and produce ATP.
Increased oxidation of glucose and fats:
The muscular adaptations result in an increase in the capacity of muscle fibres to oxidate both glucose and
Exercise or training regularly over an extended period of time (3 times per week for 6-8 weeks) leads to the development of long-term or chronic adaptations to training. Evidence of these adaptations can occur at various stages
Once achieved, these adaptations are retrained unless training ceases. Upon cessation, the body will gradually revert to its pre-training condition (de-training).
Unlike acute responses to exercises, chronic adaptations to training vary greatly and are dependant upon: • Type and method of training undertaken – aerobic vs anaerobic training. Chronic responses are very specific to the type of training performed. • The frequency, duration and intensity of the training …show more content…
• They decrease cardiovascular disease (CVD)and other health-related illnesses. • Cardio-respiratory adaptations are best developed through continuous, fartlek and longer interval type training.
Cardiovascular Adaptations:
Cardiac hypertrophy (increased ventricular volume): • Enlargement of the heart muscle itself • Increase in size and volume of the ventricular chambers, particularly the left ventricle occurs. • Significantly increases stroke volume
Increased capillarisation of the heart muscle:
• Increase in capillarisation of the heart muscle itself (Increase in capillary density and blood flow to the heart muscle) • Increased supply of blood and oxygen allows the heart to beat more strongly and efficiently during rest and exercise • Coronary protective benefit (therefore decreased risk of heart attack)
Increased stroke volume of the heart:
Heart ejects a greater volume of blood with each beat
Stroke volume is greater at rest, during sub-max and max workloads for a trained athlete compared to an untrained …show more content…
(Increase ability to extract oxygen)
Increased muscular fuel stores:
Increase in the muscular storage of glycogen, free fatty acids and triglycerides, along with the oxidative enzymes required to metabolise these fuel stores and produce ATP.
Increased oxidation of glucose and fats:
The muscular adaptations result in an increase in the capacity of muscle fibres to oxidate both glucose and