Millions of Americans suffer from phobias and addictions. Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning are psychological processes in which a person learns. Webster defines a phobia is an irrational fear towards a situation, object or thing, which in turn becomes a strong desire to prevent or avoid it. Common phobias include claustrophobia a fear of tight and closed in spaces, necrophobia is a fear of dead things in general however it is used to describe the fear of corpses. People who suffer from these and other phobias go to extensive lengths to avoid these things in question, when a sufferer cannot avoid the situation they will become overwhelmed with anxiety during the encounter or said activity. Many people have phobias from traumatic experiences that have taken place at different points in their lives. Phobias can also be caused by life experiences. If someone experiences a traumatic house fire they can develop the unreasonable fear of fire. This occurs when similar conditions are displayed or fire is present in certain situations.…
Phobias are very common. The Association of Psychiatry defines phobia as an excessive and persistent fear of a specific thing (American Psychiatric Association, 2012). Sally, who has a dog phobia since she was in second grade because of a negative experience has anxiety when she meets someone and is asked to go to a new place where she does not know if there is a dog present or not. To explain Sally’s phobia and how it was developed theories are used on how or why she developed the fear of dogs. Phobias can be explained by classical conditions, operant conditioning, and observational learning. Overcoming phobias can be done with extinction and cognitive theory.…
There is the fight or flight that every living being uses, animal and human. Humans often have other bodily reactions to fear, such as fast heart rate, sweaty palms and many others. Often times, the same person can have different reactions to different situations. For example, when I take a big test or write an essay, my hands begin to sweat. Not only does this help me calm down, I am able to focus on the task at hand. I have had a lasting fear of “The back room” in my house, it is a room that is unfinished and is used for storage purposes. I fear the room because it has a decent amount of old stuff, the room is dusty, and it is a dwelling for many arthropods and arachnids. I do not hate the room itself, because it holds the water heater and all the tools to make my house work smoothly, but I fear what lies behind the boxes, the old board games, and the unknown inside it all. Every time I have to go back in the room, I shiver and shudder and pray that there is not any sudden movement that passes my feet. While I shiver at the thought of bugs and the unknown I also have a terrible fear of heights. My fear is so bad I can barely go on the final step of a six foot ladder. I refuse to go into the attic and I scoff at the idea of helping my sister put Christmas lights on the roof. When I do come to a situation when I am on a rooftop or on a mountain overlooking a valley, not only am I…
Many Americans have fears of all kinds. One fear is roller coasters. Individuals who have this type of fear may also have the fear of heights and how high the drop is on a loop or how fast the coaster goes. They have the feeling as if they are going to fall if up too high or how queasy their stomach may feel with the thought of approaching the big loop. This type of behavior can come from something as little as tripping off a curb or falling off a bike which triggers them to be afraid or fearful of anything that is high up. When it comes to individuals with the fear of roller coaster there is something in the mind telling them that they are too high up which…
Have you ever been on top of a large building and were too afraid to look over the side? Have you ever climbed a really tall tree and were too afraid to climb down? I have, when I was younger I climbed a really tall tree and when I got to the top I looked down, I was too afraid to climb back down. What I was experiencing was a fear of heights know as acrophobia. Acrophobia (n.d.) according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary, is an abnormal dread of being in a high place: fear of heights. I believe that most people become a little scared when it comes to heights. There is nothing wrong with having acrophobia to an extent. It is a defense mechanism our bodies use to stop us from walking off cliffs. The problem is when a natural instinct becomes paranoia. For example, someone who has acrophobia would be scared, nervous, and or panic inside a safe environment like a skyscraper.…
The fear of darkness is a phobia for those who have been affected by it in some way or the other. It is not the fear of the dark but the possible risks concealed by darkness. This kind of fear can sometimes prevent us from unpleasant situations. Not everybody around experiences this fear, otherwise people would not be hired as security guards or night watchers but for those who do have this fear have an associated learning experience. This essay narrates about an informal learning experience leading to the fear of the dark.…
Firstly, fear can transform society by people becoming over-protective about events in their everyday life. Barry Glassner gives an example of the child-like folktales of the bogeyman and monster told to children at their bedtime. This fear is the behavior that prevents children from getting out of their beds at night. The fear of external dangers of a child’s curiosity.…
Nearly everyone in the world is scared of something, for example mice or needles. For many people these are minor fears. A fear is a rational response to a situation that possibly poses a threat to our safety. It is normal to experience fear in a dangerous situation. Sometimes these fears can be very serious and interfere with day to day life and create anxiety. This is called a phobia. Phobias are said to affect 11% of the Australian population.…
Phobic disorders are classified as one of the most common of all anxiety disorders; they are a persistent and unreasonable fear of a particular object, activity, or situation. Many people who suffer from this disorder know that the fears they have, are excessive and unreasonable and, the feared object can usually determine how much it affects a persons functioning. Although, anyone can develop a phobic disorder, it is found more commonly in women than in men. Phobic disorders are broken up into three categories; simple phobias, social phobias, and agoraphobia.…
A phobia is an abnormal, vigorous, unreasonable persistent dread or terror that causes anxiety. “Approximately 40 million American adults ages 18 and older, or about 18.1 percent of people in this age group in a given year, have an anxiety disorder (The National Institute of Mental Health, 2013)”. A person has the capability to make a fear out of anything; dog, open spaces, water, elevators, and tight spaces. Persons with a fears or phobias go to the ends of the earth to avoid any alleged risk that is larger more so in their thoughts than physical time. When confronted with the base of their fear, the person will sustain massive anguish that can hinder everyday tasks; fear can seldom lead to complete panic. Furthermore, for a number of individuals the simple thought of their fear is tremendously upsetting. Fears can be a wearying thing. The defeat of efficiency and productivity at the hands of a person’s phobia can be massive. However, a comprehension of psychology can offer a person the authority to development past anxiety that accompanies their phobia…
Phobias in a human being are a very powerful thing. So powerful that they can be developed at a very early age, and affect the rest of our lives. There are many types of phobias, some are more common than others, such as heights, insects, or needles. I have also seen phobias as weird as pickles and rabbits! Despite how weird a phobia might be, these phobias have developed a certain way: Through classical or operant conditioning.…
A time I experienced fear is when I went to my first lacrosse game. The whole ride there I was thinking What if I don’t score a goal and What if I don’t catch the ball? And when I entered the game, I was so nervous. I played in the 2nd quarter and realized that people were dropping the ball and not scoring goals. So when I got out on that field, I wasn’t as nervous.…
To understand what fear is, a person should look at some common appearances of fear in daily life. People fear many things. People fear animals: spiders, snakes, birds, chickens, cats, bugs, and insects. People fear powerful things: thunder, lightning, needles, and cancer. People fear abstractions: death, loneliness, failure, intimacy, abandonment, commitment, the unknown, success, and fear…
Once, when I was five, my older brother had to watch over his friend’s pet tarantula. My older brother had the brilliant idea of showing me the spider and letting it crawl on him. Whenever I saw him I’d think of a gigantic and disgusting spider appearing randomly near him. He kept it in the cage most of the time, but since I was young I let my fears get the best of me, even if it was defanged. Many people suffer from irrational fears like being afraid of the dark, a certain animal, or even open spaces.…
These fears like to hide away at times and stories like these like to get them to come out and play for a while. This story brings up rational and irrational fears we have or have had in our lives.…