Preview

Child Development and Learning Theories

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1518 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Child Development and Learning Theories
Final Project PS 220

Urie Bronfenbrenner has provided a comprehensive system for analyzing developmental patterns in children. His theory suggests that in order to understand children’s development, we must have a broad view of the inter-related contexts in which the child is developing. He believes that we need to look at the impact of these symbiotic systems that influence children's development. These systems include the family of the child and expand the analysis to the school, friends, neighborhood, jobs, and larger social system that the child lives in. Bronfenbrenner's theory gives us tools to describe how all of these systems interact with one another to explain how some children end up as criminals or engage in risk-taking behaviors. When babies are in infancy, they are changing from being totally dependent on caregivers to learning to walk, to talk, to play alongside others, and are realizing they are their individual selves. When children enter early childhood, they continue to improve their large and small motor skills as they run and move more smoothly. They also grow mentally and socially as they enter school and other places where they interact with children. During middle childhood, children continue to grow and improve physically, while also growing mentally as they attend school. They maintain friendships in large same-sex groups and begin forming ideas about gender roles and jobs. During adolescence, people go through puberty as their bodies mature and become capable to reproduce. Teens attempt to assert their individual identity while still needing rules and limits to continue to help them make good life decisions. During later adolescence, young adults begin the tasks of finding a life calling or job and of finding or creating their own next-generation.

Final Project PS 220

His theory includes microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem and chromo system. Depression is one major developmental issue No single cause of depression

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    CHILD DEVELOPMENT

    • 1557 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Research of evidence, which describes the development of infants’ sensory abilities and how research has generated this knowledge.…

    • 1557 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    As a baby we have our identity created for us, they say “give me the boy at seven and I will give you the man” implying that until the age of seven a child is dependent on their very first social unit, that is family. It is the multiplicity and complexity of family that gives children real life experiences into human relationships and what teaches them morals and values which will always be a part of their identity, although as you age, and mature you become less dependent on your family and are able to venture out into the world. This usually happens around the age of adolescence. This is a time when adolescences have the world at their feet and they are “servants to their own dreams”. Many people enjoy this part of growing up as their bodies are at the peak, meaning they are able to push them to do whatever they want. They are less susceptible to illnesses and less likely to damage themselves; when they do the body’s ability to repair at that age is remarkable. Not only are they at the physically peak of their lives, they are usually at the social peak. Their social networks at this age are usually…

    • 1102 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Sigmund Freud (born 6 May 1856, died 23 September 1939) is an Austrian neurologist who became known as the founding father of psychoanalysis. When he was young, Sigmund Freud’s family moved from Frieberg, Moravia to Vienna where he would spend most of his life. His parents taught him at home after entering him in Spurling Gymnasium, where he was first in his class and graduated Summa cum Laude. After studying medicine at University of Vienna, Freud worked and gained respect as a physician. Through his work with respected French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, Freud became fascinated with the emotional disorder known as hysteria. Freud believed that adult personality problems were the result of early experiences in life. He believed that we go through five stages of psychosexual development and that at each stage of development we experience pleasure in one part of the body than in others. Erogenous zones are parts of the body that have especially strong pleasure-giving qualities at particular stages of development. Freud thought that our adult personality is determined by the way we resolve conflicts between these early sources of pleasure - the mouth, the anus and the genitals - and demands of reality. Fixation is the psychoanalytic defense mechanism that occurs when the individual remains locked in an earlier development stage because needs are under or over gratified.…

    • 1751 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Child development is the genetic and internal changes that occur in children during early years. There are many internal and external factors that affect a child 's growth and development. The connection between a child’s environment and a child’s development are explored in Heather O 'Neill 's lullabies for little criminals where a child named Baby becomes a product of her environment. This is explored through the early death of Baby’s mother, her being raised by a young father and her father 's drug addiction. Baby’s bad decisions and choices come from a lack of guidance necessary for a child’s social growth and development.…

    • 1481 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Developmental theories of child development are categorized as either stage theory or non-stage (continuous) theory. Both attempt to explain how each child is molded into the adult each will inevitably become. Stage theories propose that children make sudden shifts to different levels of behavior and perception. This way of thinking provides researchers with a set of guidelines as to how far children should be along in their development at different ages. It invokes a sense of “normality” and reassures people that their children are “on track.” It also serves as a way to identify if a child is behind where they should be in their development. Non-stage theorists propose that children’s’ development occurs more gradually. This idea of development…

    • 213 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Developmental psychology is the chapter of mental processes and learning of how people nurture and change over the course of a lifetime. “The changes started with newborns and children, it prolonged to include teenage years, adult development, ageing, and the entire life expectation.” (Bennett, 2010) The theories of human development research examines change through a wide-ranging variety of issues including motor skills and other psychophysiological processes; cognitive development involving areas such as; problem solving, moral and theoretical understanding language, personality emotional development and self-perception. The disorder of developmental disabilities is developing in the sense that delays, disorders or impairment exist within…

    • 1653 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Child development

    • 595 Words
    • 3 Pages

    1. You are asked to select a reading book for a three year old. Describe the features you would want within the book in order to foster a child’s intellectual ability, such as colour recognition and shape recognition?…

    • 595 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Early childhood education is not a new concept. It has been in existence since ancient Greek and Roman times and many of our own methods come from those foundations (Gordon & Brown. 4-5). Throughout the course of history, philosophers, researchers, and theorists have spent many years researching, observing, and teaching young children. They have passed down to us many of the practices and theories that are being used even today in many early childhood classrooms and daycare centers. In the late 1800’s there arose a theorist by the name of Maria Montessori whose play learning theories and methods are still being used today in early childhood classrooms in many countries around the world.…

    • 812 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Child Development

    • 1929 Words
    • 8 Pages

    A. a. are more prominent in the United States than in any other culture around the world.…

    • 1929 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Child Development

    • 1269 Words
    • 6 Pages

    | When a child tries particularly hard I praise them on their work, I take time to highlight all the positive parts, ask them what they like about their piece and what they enjoyed about the activity and show an interest in how they felt it went and reward them with a sticker, this child is also asked to show their work to the rest of the class.…

    • 1269 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Child development

    • 15024 Words
    • 61 Pages

    1.1: Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth – 19 years.…

    • 15024 Words
    • 61 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Lifespan Development

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Although this stage was considered inferior in developmental importance compared to other, more drastic stages, recently research has shown the value in the progressions that are experienced during this stage (Eccles, 1999). This stage cover ages six to eleven as they expand on the complexity of their emotional comprehension, socialization, and cognitive development (Vernon, 2010). This stage provides a sense of stability that is later lost in the Adolescence stage, which helps to nurture the growth and change that they experience, as well as provides a foundation from which the developments in adolescence expound. A key principle of this stage is socialization and the development of a more complex individual identity (Education Encyclopedia, n.d.). Also, awareness of place in society and a sense of belonging develop as individuals in Middle Childhood begin to put a greater emphasis on peer groups and the acceptance or rejection that they experience through peer interactions (Graves, 2006). Through these experiences, individuals develop a sense of either industry or inferiority and inadequacy, in relation to the positive or negative ways that they navigate this stage, which can have a profound effect on later adulthood (Eccles, 1999). Children in this stage are beginning school, which dramatically changes their environment and social interactions from family and the home to peers and external authorities (Vernon, 2010). These changes provide opportunities for children to build healthy peer relationships, comprehend cultural values, and begin to develop roles within their social system that will influence the way that they interact with society throughout the rest of their lifespan. These relationships play a part in the integration of a child with society, both internally through their development of a more complex understanding of…

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Child Development

    • 1973 Words
    • 13 Pages

    The process of fingers becoming more adept at handling small objects is an example of:…

    • 1973 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    From the day a baby is born human beings are looking and longing for a safe, comfortable environment. According to Erik Erikson human beings must go through eight stages of development to have a successful and for filling life. According to the stages one must be able to build on each stage to be successful in the next stage. The challenges of stages not successfully completed may be expected to reappear as problems in the future. According to Erik Erikson, the major developmental task in infancy is to learn whether or not other people, especially primary caregivers, regularly satisfy basic needs. If caregivers are consistent sources of food, comfort, and affection, an infant learns trust. On the other hand if they are neglectful, or perhaps even abusive, the infant instead learns mistrust that the world is in an undependable, unpredictable, and possibly dangerous place. In analyzing the theories of Erikson one must ask that question about the youth of today and the increase of gangs and…

    • 3179 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Erik Erikson created a Psychosocial Theory that describes eight different lifespan stages that all people go through as they age. The stages are Integrity versus Despair, Generatively versus Stagnation, Intimacy versus Isolation, Identity versus Identity Confusion, Industry versus Inferiority, Initiative versus Guilt, Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt and Trust versus Mistrust (Santrock, 2011). At each stage the person has to confront a unique developmental task, each stage marks a “turning point” in a person’s life(Harder, 2009). The first stage, Trust versus mistrust is in the first stage of life, it occurs in the first year of life, and success in this stage means individuals will be able to view the world with a basic confidence. Autonomy versus Shame and doubt is the second stage between one and three years of age. In this stage infants and toddlers discover they have a will of their own and learn to master skills. Individuals develop self-esteem and autonomy. Initiative versus guilt is the third stage of development and it occurs during the preschool years, when children imitate adults, children also develop a sense of social identity. This stage causes the need for “active, purposeful and responsible behavior.” Industry versus inferiority occurs during the elementary years, when children focus their abilities on acquiring new knowledge and intellectual expertise and proficiency. The stage is very social but has the potential to create feelings of inadequacy. During the adolescent years, the developmental task of Identity…

    • 924 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays