In the book, A place to Stand, by Jimmy Santiago Baca, Baca writes about prison and how being incarcerated can have impact on a person and their family. With the most beautiful, strong and poetic language, Baca tells us the story of all the people who faces difficult times in order to find their place in the world. Baca always felt like he had no place to stand in society because, all of his life he was put down by his family and friends. From the age of five Baca experienced his dad and uncles going in and out of jail from being addicted to alcohol. Baca knew he would eventually end up in jail sooner or later because that’s what he had experienced all of his life. Baca writes, “Whether I was approaching it or seeking escape from it, jail always defined in some way the measure of my life” (3). Baca felt that his life would always head in the wrong direction because of his family issues. Baca shows being in prison can cause a lot of emotional impact on a person’s life, as well as affect the community.…
As a Criminologist Advisor to the State Legislature, I have been chosen to provide a prison term policy on armed robbery. Currently the legislature will soon be voting on a bill that would double the maximum prison term for anyone convicted of armed robbery. First I would like to define what the legal definition of armed robbery is as defined by the Black's Law Dictionary which is: an aggravated form of robbery in which the defendant is armed with a dangerous weapon, though it is not necessary to prove that he used the weapon to effectuate the robbery. The taking of property from person or presence of another by use of force or by threatening use of force while armed with a dangerous weapon (Black's Law Dictionary, 6th Edition).…
The Prison Service encompasses three central aims; holding prisoners securely, decrease risk of offending and lastly offer safe, well-ordered institutions in which prisoners are treated humanely, decently and lawfully (Cavadino and Dignan, 2007, p.193). When the state incarcerates, it must accept accountability for the basic care of those it detains. Although prisoners should not expect luxuries during their time of incarceration, they should not be deprived of the basic goods and comforts of life. Certification of access to enough goods should be available to help them develop as the citizens expected to be. Lord Justice Woolf (1991) claimed three necessities for the prison system to maintain steadiness: security, control and justice. In terms…
The US correctional system punishes offenders in different ways, because each offense is on a different level some can be felonies and some can be charged as misdemeanors. In our correctional system they punishes offenders, by putting them in jail/prison. But in its early years prison punishments for offenders were cruel. In the early year of the correctional system offenders punishments were very different from their punishments now in this day and age.…
With the decrease of the budget, it has made the parole offices job harder, with fewer people working and less recourse at their disposal. With the increase of caseload, this has created a system where everything is taking to much time by looking at paroles case by case (tt). There needs to be a new system introduced that have a better effect on oversight, control and consistency (tt). There needs to be new policy introduced that bring better community structure that allows the individual to feel a part of society which would stop them to commit a crime. There is the ideology struggle we think incarceration is the best form of punishment this has to change. The parole system does not work most criminal are sent back to prison. There has been…
This memorandum serves as a proposal and examination about a significant issue; that has influenced the United States prison system. Because criminal activities are at an incomparable high, an expansion inside the prison population has incurred, resulting in a financial burden within the system. According to a review directed by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO), they anticipated by 2018, overcrowding would move to over 45% over the BOP's maximum capacity. In addition, the prison cannot keep up such influx making a consequential problem for prison guards and inmates. As communicated by James, the quantity of the detainees housed in state and government correctional facilities climbed faster than facility capacity expanded. The…
Would you believe me if I told you that prisons were originally built to reform prisoners? With they way the criminal justice system works and how high the rates of mass incarceration are, in today's day and age, I, myself, would not believe that prisons were built with a positive outcome in mind. If someone would have told me that in the eighteen hundreds prison were used as a place to reform individuals, I would have given them a nasty looking face full of disbelief. But now that I have this information, the question is, what changed? Why is this method still not being practiced in today’s society? However, while asking these question, I realize that it is absolutely amazing the way things change and how easily things are tainted.…
The United States prison system is not a suitable place for nonviolent drug offenders. The high rate of recidivism is caused by one thing and one thing only, prison sentences. Nonviolent drug offenders will have no choice other than to socialize with other inmates, some who have committed irreprehensible crimes, thereby greatly increasing their chance of becoming violent. The population of prisons in the United States is on a steady rise. One way to stop this is by reevaluating the three strikes law, because the proof that this law discourages repeat offenders is simply not there.…
Learn to recognize the influence of socially sanctioned hatred. What I mean by socially sanctioned hatred is simple: We human beings seem to have a built-in temptation to objectify other groups of people in order to feel superior to them or to find a scapegoat for all our problems. It's reflected in language, in words like "nigger," "Faggot," "slant-eyes," "gook," and so on. Certainly, among most of us, that kind of prejudicial speech is not acceptable. And yet, among decent people, from liberal to conservative, it is still socially acceptable to call criminals "scum," "sleaze bags," or "animals." We hear that one demented soul kidnapped and killed a little girl, and a few weeks later, when a teenager steals our car radio, we are ready to strap the two of them together in the gas chamber. "I'm sick of these animals," we say. "They're all alike. Let them…
Similar to the situation in the United States, Canada has increasingly had a mass incarceration and overrepresentation issue with primarily the minority groups. The “failure” of the Canadian criminal justice system toward the Aboriginal people are the most evident through the overrepresentation of Aboriginal individuals in provincial and federal prisons. In 2013-2014 Aboriginal adults accounted for one in four admissions to provincial/territorial prisons, while only representing 3% of the Canadian adult population. There are many theories as to why this evident overrepresentation exists. The main arguments are the culture clash, socio-economic status and the history of colonialism. The cultures of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians have…
This article has to maintain a consistent position on the argument on the use of solitary confinement in prisons. The article begins by presenting the use of solitary confinement as “confinement can violate the prohibition against cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment and may even amount to torture” (Ireland). The article has positioned itself against the use of solitary confinement, drawing quotes from multiple sources, explaining the many negative consequences solitary confinement can have on inmates, especially those with mental illness. The article then takes a shift towards the side of the opposition, presenting the argument, “Canadians expect violent criminals to serve sentences which reflect the severity of their crimes” (Ireland). A good article benefits from presenting the opposition’s side of the argument, however, the author of “Half of inmates have been in solitary confinement: Canada's prison watchdog”, has failed to bring the focus back to her main argument. The author has simply presented the oppositions argument, and concluded the article stating that solitary confinement should be used, but simply have limits. The article come to no true conclusion, and leaves the reader with the final thought that solitary confinement is an acceptable use of punishment in the correctional system. The inconsistency of the author’s argument, renders this article…
Prisons are already filled beyond maximum capacity, and we continue to keep incarcerating more people. What can be done to end the problem of prison overcrowding and maintain the safety of the public? I chose this topic because I wanted to shine a light on what I consider to be an injustice. I believe that the criminal justice system needs a complete overhaul. When I chose this topic, I wasn’t fully aware of the mandatory sentencing guidelines or how harsh they were. I always believed that judges had more leeway in deciding sentencing. Originally, I hadn’t even considered the possibility of criminal corporal punishment, because I believed it was cruel and something that other less civilized countries would do, not America. I believe that the prison overcrowding problem can be resolved by changing our laws regarding nonviolent offenders, abolishing the mandatory sentencing guidelines and using alternative solutions that do not involve incarceration.…
Parole is by definition the practice of early release of a prisoner from imprisonment who will be subject to conditions set by correctional authorities (Siegel 2014). Although there are some compelling cases that argue for the right for juveniles sentenced to life in prison to be eligible for parole, the Supreme Court ruled in 2011 that there is no absolute right or legal right to receive parole (Swarthout v. Cooke and Cate v. Clay). Furthermore, people who argue that abolishing parole would have a negative effect on society do not have to look much further than the State of Virginia, where violent crime was reduced by 23% since they abolished parole. Criminal sentences should be based on justice, and not on a predictive system that is based…
Aboriginal concepts of restorative justice tend to be strongly focused on the community, with an emphasis on collective well-being rather than individual rights (Department of Justice Canada, 2001). They stress the need to heal relationships between clans or family groupings as well a between the offender and the victim, so that balance may be restored to the community as a whole. In other words Aboriginal communities try to look at all of the factors leading to an incident, in order to understand the offender as a person and to uncover the causes of their behavior. Restorative Justice practices are becoming increasingly more popular as the guideposts to effective corrections policy, both inside prisons and within the wider…
It’s easy to forget that America has a mass incarceration problem. We keep prisoners behind bars, walls, and barbed wire, far from the rest of us. In their own little world, a world closely monitored by armed guards. Physical and social walls isolate them from the rest of us, all two million of them. You read that right! Roughly two million people are imprisoned in some way across America. Despite them having more incarcerated people than any other nation, the system is deeply flawed and in desperate need of changes. These issues is affecting 1 in 100 Americans daily, so it’s time they are addressed.…