Crime is bad behavior displayed by citizens who reject societal norms and instead chose to commit crime. However, there are many types of theories of why crime occurs the most prevalent cause for crime involves the social environment of the criminal offender. Psychological theories discusses that these interruptions in childhood development is the cause for crime but because the delays developmental is the effect of the criminal’s environment. The same goes for biological theories that find genetic or biological factors that make a person more prone to become a criminal but require certain environmental factors for the person in reality to become a criminal.…
Matza, D. & Sykes, Gresham (1961). Juvenile Delinquency and Subterranean Values. American Sociological Review. 26(5). 712-719.…
This is a statement that researches have long sought the answer for, it all boils down to nature versus nurture. Is there a clear answer? I can honestly say now that I do not believe so, after evaluating both sides I see that nature and nurture seem to play an almost even role. Therefore, I do no think it is fair to determine this question with a yes or no answer, instead I hope to present the facts and allow others to make a judgment based on those. When beginning my research I had the advantage of working with top psychiatrists in my area to try and determine the cause of criminal behavior, and I realized very quickly that there are two very convincing opposing sides and no…
Increasing evidence shows from neuroscience suggests that many aspects of antisocial behavior can be traced to dysfunctional brains. For instance, brain scans of prisoners suggest the circuitry involved in fear conditioning has gone awry in criminal minds. Deformities of certain parts of the brain that may contribute to antisocial and psychopathic behavior have also been linked to a greater risk of arrests and convictions.…
Cesare Lombroso is thought of by many as the founding father of criminal psychology (Kushner 2011; Assael & Avanzini, 1997; Granieri and Fazio, 2011). When Lombroso was alive his theories on the biological explanations of crime were seen as cutting edge (Kurella, 1911) but after death his theories were ridiculed and denigrated (Gatti & Verde, 2012) with Abraham Verghese referring to them as “pseudoscience, utter rubbish” (Verghese, 2009: p239). Despite much criticism the author believes that a reappraisal of Lombroso’s work is necessary in order to conclude how relevant his biological explanations of crime are to modern criminal psychology.…
Theories are useful tools, which suggest the way things are and not the way things ought to be, we can use them to help us to understand the world around us. In terms of criminal and deviant behaviour the theories proposed in this subject area set out to try and give reason as to why an individual commits criminal or delinquent acts. In this essay I will be using biological, psychological and sociological explanations of criminality to suggest why individuals take part in criminal behaviours.…
The aim of this essay is to compare, contrast and evaluate two sociological theories of crime causation and two psychological theories of crime causation.…
Frustration Aggression Theory: Frustration is a natural consequence of living and a root cause of crime in this theory, and criminal behavior can be a form of adaptation when it results in stress reduction. Concepts: Frustration, aggression, displacement, catharsis, alloplastic and autoplastic adaptation.…
This can be applied to the behaviors of criminals. According to Fishbein (1990, pg.37), “behavior [is] primarily attributed to inherited predispositions and genetic influences.” Nurture is the environmental influence that shape human behavior (Fishbein, 1990, pg.37). Human genetics and environmental factors contribute to the uniqueness to a person’s behavior. However, there are underlying qualities in a criminal’s historical background. Aspects of the nature and nurturing of a criminal behavior includes some problems with earlier biological explanations and some recent biological explanations which have overcome the weaknesses of the earlier ones. These two aspects can be applied in criminology for the prevention of the development of criminal minds.…
Psychological Explanation is based on someone's mental behavior. A person's personality and learning factors can cause them to commit a crime. According to some early childhood experiences it can have a major effect on personality and development. Also according to Psychological Explanation crime is stemmed from abnormal urges and desires.…
Biological explanations of crime assert that particular individuals are more prone to deviance than others because of their genetic makeup (Haralambos, van Krieken, Smith & Holborn, 1996 p.514). These explanations of human behavior became popular in the nineteenth century. An Italian army doctor; Cesare Lombroso was one of the first writers to link crime to human biology.…
For decades, many people have attempted to enforce a judicial system upon those who break the law to prevent criminality, but alas, it has yet to prevail. Time and time again, the world has attempted to understand why one may want to commit a crime, but the question that lingers is:…
Biological theories of crime causation follow the principle that many behavioral tendencies, including aggression and criminality, are constitutionally or physiologically influenced. Most of the usual sociological suspect would have come from a broken or abusive home, is a part of a family below the poverty or has a parent who is convicted criminal. All of these examples support the biological theories and most of the time people living in those conditions are more susceptible to…
Allowing for normal and abnormal behavior to be analyze separately will allow for unbiased opinion, analysis and treatment of Psychological and Biological finding that contribute to criminal behavior. The root in identifying the Psychological or Biological approach to criminal behavior lays on the Social and environmental cognition that surround the specific stereotypes and prejudice theories claims.…
Biology contributes to killers. As people in today 's society, we are constantly being bombarded with the crazy actions that mankind is capable of. We watch the news and hear about murders, or even read a book about a mysterious killer. As we go through these pieces of reality, one can 't help but be struck by the thought--what causes a person to act so violently? There have been many studies done to try and find an answer. For a crime such as serial killing, there are two thoughts. The first idea is that serial killing is caused by an abnormality in the frontal lobe of the brain. The second idea is that serial killers are bred by circumstance which means they have certain genes also known as the negative gene that makes them prone to becoming a killer.…