Avicular Controls and Pakistan Airlines
FINC 667 - CASE ASSIGNMENT - AVICULAR CONTROLS AND PAKISTAN AIRLINES
BACKGROUND
International projects present multinational corporations with many complexities in organizing a profitable transaction structure.Foreign exchange risk is an underlying problem. Credit risk presents another challenge. Payment terms and the certainty of realizing them can be difficult points. Negotiations with foreign corporations and governments, and with agents and intermediaries, present additional challenges. An example of the demanding environment for global financial activities is presented in the case of "Avicular Controls and Pakistan Airlines". It is found in Cases in International Finance on page 40.
EXPECTATIONS
Review the case carefully and be prepared to respond to the following questions:
Consider the conflicting responsibilities in Avicular Controls' organizational structure - among the strategic management of the company and the functional areas for marketing and finance. Indicate how these meshed to maximize outcomes for the company's business and how they diverged to create problems interfering with financial management.
The original proposal, which ACI had thought it had negotiated, was for all payments to be made in U.S. dollars. The original contract price would be paid in two installments, 20% on contract signing and the remaining balance would be invoiced at the end of one year upon completion of the cockpit retrofits. It is a bit unclear as to whether the original contract under negotiation had included any type of up-front payment; however, it was evidently smaller than the 20% that is now included in negotiations. The second payment invoice would be due in 180 days. Makran would broker the transactions for a standard 5% fee.
PIA counterproposal for all invoicing and payments were to be made in Pakistan rupee, which meant a serious problem and risk for ACI. As the earnings in Pakistan are remitted, they will be converted to dollars. However, because
BACKGROUND
International projects present multinational corporations with many complexities in organizing a profitable transaction structure.Foreign exchange risk is an underlying problem. Credit risk presents another challenge. Payment terms and the certainty of realizing them can be difficult points. Negotiations with foreign corporations and governments, and with agents and intermediaries, present additional challenges. An example of the demanding environment for global financial activities is presented in the case of "Avicular Controls and Pakistan Airlines". It is found in Cases in International Finance on page 40.
EXPECTATIONS
Review the case carefully and be prepared to respond to the following questions:
Consider the conflicting responsibilities in Avicular Controls' organizational structure - among the strategic management of the company and the functional areas for marketing and finance. Indicate how these meshed to maximize outcomes for the company's business and how they diverged to create problems interfering with financial management.
The original proposal, which ACI had thought it had negotiated, was for all payments to be made in U.S. dollars. The original contract price would be paid in two installments, 20% on contract signing and the remaining balance would be invoiced at the end of one year upon completion of the cockpit retrofits. It is a bit unclear as to whether the original contract under negotiation had included any type of up-front payment; however, it was evidently smaller than the 20% that is now included in negotiations. The second payment invoice would be due in 180 days. Makran would broker the transactions for a standard 5% fee.
PIA counterproposal for all invoicing and payments were to be made in Pakistan rupee, which meant a serious problem and risk for ACI. As the earnings in Pakistan are remitted, they will be converted to dollars. However, because