AP World History Chapter Outlines (13-16)
Chapter 13: The Expansive Realm of Islam
Chapter Outline
I
A prophet and his world
A Muhammad and his message
1 Arabian peninsula was mostly desert a Nomadic Bedouin people organized in family and clan groups b Important in long-distance trade networks between
China/India and Persia/Byzantium
2 Muhammad's early life a Muhammad ibn Abdullah born to a Mecca merchant family, 570 C.E. b Difficult early life, married a wealthy widow, Khadija, in
595
c
Became a merchant at age thirty and was exposed to various faiths
3 Muhammad's spiritual transformation at age forty a There was only one true god, Allah ("the god") b Allah would soon bring judgment on the world c The archangel Gabriel delivered these revelations to
Muhammad
4 The Quran ("recitation")--holy book of Islam a Followers compiled Muhammad's revelations b Work of poetry and definitive authority on Islam c Other works include hadith (sayings and deeds of
Muhammad)
B Muhammad's migration to Medina
1 Conflict at Mecca a His teachings offended other believers, especially the ruling elite of Mecca b Attacks on greed offended wealthy merchants c Attacks on idolatry threatened shrines, especially the black rock at Ka'ba
2 The hijra a Under persecution, Muhammad and followers fled to
Medina, 622 C.E. b The move, known as hijra, was the starting point of the
Islamic calendar
3 The umma: cohesive community of Muslims in Medina
4 The "seal of the prophets"
a
C
The
1
2
3
4
II
III
Muhammad called himself the "seal of the prophets"-the final prophet of Allah b Held Hebrew scripture and New Testament in high esteem c
Determined to spread Allah's wish to all humankind establishment of Islam in Arabia
Muhammad's return to Mecca a He and his followers conquered Mecca, 630 b Imposed a government dedicated to Allah c Destroyed pagan shrines and built mosques
The Ka'ba was not destroyed; it became site of pilgrimage in
632
The Five Pillars of Islam, or obligations taught by Muhammad
Islamic law: the sharia, inspired by
Chapter Outline
I
A prophet and his world
A Muhammad and his message
1 Arabian peninsula was mostly desert a Nomadic Bedouin people organized in family and clan groups b Important in long-distance trade networks between
China/India and Persia/Byzantium
2 Muhammad's early life a Muhammad ibn Abdullah born to a Mecca merchant family, 570 C.E. b Difficult early life, married a wealthy widow, Khadija, in
595
c
Became a merchant at age thirty and was exposed to various faiths
3 Muhammad's spiritual transformation at age forty a There was only one true god, Allah ("the god") b Allah would soon bring judgment on the world c The archangel Gabriel delivered these revelations to
Muhammad
4 The Quran ("recitation")--holy book of Islam a Followers compiled Muhammad's revelations b Work of poetry and definitive authority on Islam c Other works include hadith (sayings and deeds of
Muhammad)
B Muhammad's migration to Medina
1 Conflict at Mecca a His teachings offended other believers, especially the ruling elite of Mecca b Attacks on greed offended wealthy merchants c Attacks on idolatry threatened shrines, especially the black rock at Ka'ba
2 The hijra a Under persecution, Muhammad and followers fled to
Medina, 622 C.E. b The move, known as hijra, was the starting point of the
Islamic calendar
3 The umma: cohesive community of Muslims in Medina
4 The "seal of the prophets"
a
C
The
1
2
3
4
II
III
Muhammad called himself the "seal of the prophets"-the final prophet of Allah b Held Hebrew scripture and New Testament in high esteem c
Determined to spread Allah's wish to all humankind establishment of Islam in Arabia
Muhammad's return to Mecca a He and his followers conquered Mecca, 630 b Imposed a government dedicated to Allah c Destroyed pagan shrines and built mosques
The Ka'ba was not destroyed; it became site of pilgrimage in
632
The Five Pillars of Islam, or obligations taught by Muhammad
Islamic law: the sharia, inspired by