Taste and Smell Anatomy

Taste and Smell
Organs purpose
Main function is to act as a barrier to protect the body from the outside world
Type of receptor
Olfactory “smell” receptors
Smell
the faculty or power of perceiving odors or scents by means of the organs in the nose olfactory cilia trap particulate matter the olfactory receptor cells detect the odor molecules then it travels down the olfactory tract to the olfactory bulb
Electrical impulse sent to the olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb interprets impulse
Recognize odor, olfactory sensation becomes perception

Why we sniff????
When we sniff we detect both chemical and mechanical stimuli to improve how we smell. Both types of stimuli produce reaction in olfactory nerve cells, which control how our brain perceives what we smell, this explains why we sniff to smell something, and why our sense of smell is synchronized with inhaling.
Adaption
-The olfactory sense relies on mass, not energy to trigger action potentials. In the nose, once a molecule has triggered a response, it must be disposed of and this takes time. If a molecule comes along too quickly, there is no place for it on the olfactory hairs, so it cannot be perceived
Taste
-The sensation of flavor perceived in the mouth and throat on contact with a substance
Taste buds contain the receptors for taste.
Gustatory hair comes into contact with the outside environment.
Hair extends from taste pore mingling with taste molecules creating saliva
5 Taste sensations
Salty: detects (Na+)
Sour: detects (H+)
Sweet: detects (K+)
Bitter: detects T2R’s
Umami: detects monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Relation
Smell and taste's relation is that they both connect to the same neurons in the brain. The nose and tongue work together to give flavor, so if either one is not working properly, that can have an effect on the perception of what something tastes like.
Disorders
(Smell) Anosmia is the inability to detect odors at all. (Taste) Dysgeusia is a condition in which a foul, salty, rancid, or metallic taste sensation will persist in the mouth.