Europe
• By 1945 1.9 million German soldiers in the East fighting 6.4 million Red Army soldiers
• 250000 German Soldiers died
• Once America Joined war (after bombing of Pearl Harbour in Dec 1941) Germany Attacked from 3 sides West, South and East
• 1945 Germany
• Lots of Bombings – Dresden, Hamburg
• By 1945 1.9 million German soldiers in the East fighting 6.4 million Red Army soldiers (Germany Invaded Soviet union in June 1941)
• 250000 German Soldiers died
• Shortages of food and clothing – stealing Dead man’s boots
• Young boys (14) fighting
• 8 may 1945 Germany Surrender (Hitler 20 April)
• AUSTRALIA LITTLE INVOLVEMENT IN LAST CAMPAIGNS (EXCEPT some aircrew) WHY
VICTORY in Pacific
• After Kokoda (Nov 1942) defeats at Milne Bay, Kokoda, and Midway – force japan back
• General MacArthur – Head in Pacific
• Policy ISLAND hopping (US troops) – attack of important Japanese occupied Islands – US Bases established – bomb Japan
• Aussie soldiers used for fighting NG, Bougainville, Borneo and other Japan held – o Australian resented this waste of life Curtin wrote to try and change MACARTHUR idea 0- did not agree o Curtin died 5 July 1945 (6 weeks before end of WW2)
• JAPAN refused to surrender –
• Short supplies, no army KAMIKAZE pilots
• JAPANESE fight to death – decision for Bombs.
In Hiroshima
German Scientist helped make it
HARRY S TURMAN (US president – demanded unconditional surrender) Japan - NO
Military – Hiroshima 6 AUGUST 1945 – 70000 killed
Nagasaki – Industrial – 9 August 40 000 killed
Atomic Bomb – view video
Write NOTES on What atomic explosion would be like
Vaporise people terrible burns debris 200klms no hospitals or services to help
Soviet Union threaten to attack also
15 August 1945 Ben Chifley announced end of WW2 1 million Australian celebrated in streets
Cost of War
Write a 2 paragraphs of Americans in Australia from 1942 – 1945
• 1 paragraph initial welcoming reaction and why
• 1 paragraph – the change to resentment and WHY.
PAGES 211 and 212 of your textbook
Before and beginning of direct involvement By End of WW2
1939 – Hollywood
1940 – diplomatic mission
Imported lots of goods form USA
Ration – Australia – sent to Britain
October 1941 – brought troops home from Africa (Curtin – Churchill) fall of Singapore – Britain Let us down (famous Speech Curtin – Britain looks after itself)
MacArthur and USA our saviour Copied accent, in newspapers
US in aussie homes
More polite etc
March 1942
McArthur Supreme Commander in Chief in Pacific
USA BASE – 250 000 US soldiers fought alongside Coral Sea – saved Australia Paid twice as much
We did their dirty work on the war front
Did not pay tax
Impressed girls – many became US brides 100,000
Battle of Brisbane nov 1942 – Aussie refused entry to entertainment centre brawls – soldier killed
1944 most left Australia – took brides
Challenge America Ideas
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