Grade 9 Acadeic Science Study Notes (Chemistry)

Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space

Particle Theory: the scientific statements that summarize about particles of matter
1. All matter is made up of particles that contain spaces between each particle
2. Different substances are made up of different types of particles
3. Particles are always in constant motion
4. The movement of particles will increase if temperature rises
5. Particles are attracted to each other
Pure substance: a substance that consists of only 1 type of particle
Mixture: a substance that consists of 2 or more types of particles
Mechanical/heterogeneous mixture: a mixture that is easily distinguished of 2 or more different types of matter
Solution/homogenous mixture: a mixture that isn’t easily visually distinguishable
Alloy: a solution that is made up of 2 or more types of metals and comes in solid form
Metallurgy: purification of metals and the making of alloys

Properties:

Physical property: a characteristic or attribute of a substance that can be determined without changing the composition of the substance
Qualitative property: properties that exclude numerical data or measurements
Quantitative property: properties that consist of numerical data or measurements

Physical change: a change in which the composition of the substance does not alter and no new substances are produced
Chemical property: a characteristic or attribute of a substance that is determined based on its ability to undergo changes to its composition to produce 1 or more substances
Chemical Property
Detail:
Colour
New unexpected colour produced
Odour
New unexpected odour produced
Bubbles
Bubbles appear not caused by heating
Precipitation
A new solid is formed when substance does not dissolve in mixture
Temperature/Light
Energy is released or absorbed and detected as a change in temperature or light

Characteristic physical properties: a physical property that describes a certain substance

Density: