Education of the Exceptional Child: Study Guide for Mid-Terms

EDUC 142/341 Study Guide for the Mid-Term Exam
Education of the Exceptional Child
Spring 2010

Overview
Access to Education- basic American Value
What did special education mean in the 1900s?- Home instruction, not every student, only those who could afford it
Impact on evolution of education in the 1950s- Parents organizing groups
Define exceptional- deviate from the norm
Social movement in the 1950s and 1960s that paved the way for special education- Civil Rights Movement
Conditions for services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)- a disability, need for special education services
Intent of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)- create a fair and level playing field
Major provisions of the ADA- transportation
Define and give examples of inclusive education paradigms for students with disabilities- Push-in(full inclusion) Pull-out(partial 1-99% of the day)
What services does special education include?- SDI- Specially Designed Instruction, free no cost to parents, services provided in all settings
Requirements for services under the IDEA-
Principle that IDEA is based on- ALL students are able to benefit from education
Provisions of IDEA- 1. Parental safe guards 2. IEP 3. No discriminatory assignments
IDEA nondiscriminatory and multidisciplinary assessment- team approach, testing native language
What are the components of nondiscriminatory assessment?
Parental rights if they do not agree with a schools assessment of their child- conservation writing prior to evaluation/ question placemen/ make recommendations/ if parents disagree 2nd evaluation by independent evaluator at school’s expense
Purpose of the Individualized Education Plan (IEP)- provide appropriate education experience/ promote efficient communication/ continuity in the delivery
Differentiate between full and partial inclusion- full-100% general education partial- 1-99%
Differentiate between formal and natural supports
Identify the major components of an IEP
Identify team members responsible for developing an IEP
Least restrictive environment (LRE) – what is it and be able to identify examples

Transition Services
How have we perceived the potential of individuals with disabilities for many years?- significantly underestimated
When does transition planning have to start (identify student age)?- age 16 (PA 14)
Which supports does a successful transition require?- both formal and natural supports transition- a coordinated set of activities that are outcome oriented
For whom do we transition plan?- children graduating from the school system
In which areas do we transition plan?- Independent living- neighborhood& living, leisure+recreational activities to engage in spare time. Post-secondary education- trade school/ college. Vocational/career- explor possible careers, job site
During the transition from school to adult life, what do parents come to realize?- They don’t have the school system to fall back on
Identify purposes of the Individualized Transition Plan (ITP)- To identify personnel who are responsible for completing the plan and identify timelines
What should a transition process include?- a focus on functional skills to enhance independence in adult age
What are the principle components of an effective transitional process?- 1. Educational programs linked to valued post school outcomes 2. Cooperative system 3. Availability of formal supports

Learning Disabilities- neurological disorder that affects ability to receive, process, store, retrieve information
According to IDEA 2004, what characteristics, learning disabled students have learning problems resulting from what?- 1. Reading 2. Writing 3. Math 4. Speech 5. Listening. A disorder in 1 or more basic psychological process 1. Dyscalculia 2.dysgraphia 3. Dyspraxia 4.dyslexia
What is the prevalence rate of students with learning disabilities?- 5-10% of school aged population have it CAUSES- genetics, problems during birth, incidents after birth
What is the achievement discrepancy in students with learning disabilities?- Discrepancy between aptitude (measured by IQ- ability level) & achievement (performance in the classroom), must have average or above average IQ

Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder
Define hyperactivity.- Fidgeting (hands & feet) trouble playing quietly
Define ADHD.- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD & LD are co-existing -hyperactivity access of activity -Inattentive- doesn’t seem to listen- dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort -impulsivity blurts out answer, difficulty waiting for turn
Identify an example of executive functioning.- ability to monitor own behavior
What are prevalence estimates for ADHD?- 3-5% of all school children
Identify deficiencies common in individuals with ADHD.- can’t consider “if I behave a certain way, what will be the outcome?”- impulsive
For how many months must a student exhibit symptoms before being diagnosed with ADD/ADHD?- 6 months