dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddf d fasdf sadfljasd safkj slfjd l;ksjdf Capital budgeting (or investment appraisal) is the planning process used to determine whether an organization’s long term investments such as new machinery‚ replacement machinery‚ new plants‚ new products‚ and research development projects are worth pursuing. It is budget for major capital‚ or investment‚ expenditures.[1] Many formal methods are used in capital budgeting‚ including the techniques such as Accounting rate
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American Government spends its money is very important. Also the government must remember the Preamble goals when creating the Federal Budget. The Preamble established five purposes of the Constitution: establishing Justice‚ insuring Domestic Tranquility‚ providing Common Defense‚ promoting the general welfare of citizens‚ and securing the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity. After evaluating the federal budget‚ it is evident that the budget is split into three clusters: the Big Five
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A budget is a plan. Budgeting is generally formalized written documents. Budgeting is the process of developing a plan‚ implementing it and attempting to control outcomes so that they confirm to or exceed the result called for by the plan. Budgeting is an element of cost accounting‚ because mush of planning related to cost the organization expects to incur. 1.1 IMPORTANCE OF BUDGETS Budgeting is important process in organization. A budget process that works
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Johnnie & Sons Paints Inc. Capital Budgeting Decision SAMPLE PROJECT The production department has been investigating possible ways to trim total production costs. One possibility currently being examined is to make the paint cans instead of purchasing them. The equipment needed would cost $200‚000‚ with a disposal value of $40‚000‚ and would be able to produce 5‚000‚000 cans over the life of the machinery. The production department estimates that approximately 1‚000‚000 cans would be needed for
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Master Budget Master Budget Definition The master budget is the aggregation of all lower-level budgets produced by a company’s various functional areas‚ and also includes budgeted financial statements‚ a cash forecast‚ and a financing plan. The master budget is typically presented in either a monthly or quarterly format‚ and usually covers a company’s entire fiscal year. An explanatory text may be included with the master budget‚ which explains the company’s strategic direction‚ how the master
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Revenues = 100K in year one‚ increasing by 10% each year 2) Expenses = 20K in year one‚ increasing by 15% each year 3) Depreciation Expense = 5K each year 4) Tax Rate = 25% 5) Discount Rate = 10% b. Corporation B: 1) Revenues = 150K in year one‚ increasing by 8% each year 2) Expenses = 60K in year one‚ increasing by 10% each year 3) Depreciation Expense = 10K each year 4) Tax Rate = 25% 5) Discount
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vision and mission of the bank and to ensure all top managers understand and agree on the direction of the organization. In 1997‚ TCCB management adopted the master strategy of balancing profits with growth to ensure the bank remains an independent entity existing to provide quality service and products to an increasingly diverse customer base. Chris Billings recently was promoted from marketing director to SD president. The promotion came just as Chris finished her evening Masters of Business
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History of Indian Budget India’s first Finance Minister Sir R.K. Shanmugham Chetty‚ presented the first Finance Budget of independent India on November 26‚ 1947. Since then‚ 28 differentUnion Finance Ministers have been presenting the budget year after year. Initially‚ major attention was paid towards the agriculture sector but as the economy evolved‚ the focus shifted from agriculture to other sectors like industrial‚ financial etc. During the early the fifties‚ Indian budget highlights revolved
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industry both in the area of power plant construction and operations. It is providing power at the cheapest average tariff in the country. With its experience and expertise in the power sector‚ NTPC is extending consultancy services to various organizations in the power business. NTPC is committed to the
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Meaning and Need for Budget Everyone is familiar with the idea of a budget because it is essential in every walk of our life – national‚ domestic and business. A budget is prepared to have effective utilisation of funds and for the realisation of objectives as efficiently as possible. Budgeting is a powerful tool to the management for performing its functions (i.e.‚ formulating plans‚ coordinating activities and controlling operations etc.) efficiently. CIMA London defines budget as‚ “A plan quantified
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