Vickie Nguyen Assignment #3 Ch. 21 #2‚5‚7‚10 (pp.486-487) 2. Look on attached paper. 5. The major causes of income inequality are incentives and efficiency. Income inequality largely rewards to individuals for supplying their talents and resources to the economy. Proponents of income equality falsely assume that there is some fixed amount of output produced and therefore income to be distributed. In reality‚ the government takes tax and transfer process of high-income individuals and rewards
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relationship between social policy and crime Denham (2000) defines crime as when a formal set of rules which designed to be observed or a set of standards of conduct which all members of society are expected to follow are broken. Breaking these formal set of rules or the law will lead to sanctions by the government’s principal enforcement agencies the police and the courts (Denham‚ 2000). However‚ Knepper (2009) purports that Richard Titmuss‚ a social democrat believed that crime is a social problem which
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Why and to what extent do people make significant purchases from people with whom they have prior noncommercial relationships? Using data from the economic sociology module of the 1996 General Social Survey‚ we document high levels of within-network exchanges. We argue that transacting with social contacts is effective because it embeds commercial exchanges in a web of obligations and holds the seller ’s network hostage to appropriate role performance in the economic transaction. It follows
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focused on inequalities in health in the United Kingdom. It was named The Black report‚ after Chairman Sir Douglas Black. The report concluded that morbidity and mortality was unevenly distributed throughout the population. It suggested that even since the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948 inequalities between social classes continues to widen rather than diminishing. The report does not hold the NHS responsible for the increase of inequalities but highlights social inequalities influencing
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Social Inequality and Minorities in the United States In this course I have learned about many different kinds of social problems in societies around the world and in the United States‚ such as poverty‚ social inequality‚ race and cultural discrimination‚ gender stratification‚ environmental damage‚ population growth‚ and urbanization. I chose my final essay to be on Social Inequality and Minorities in the United States. For me this subject raises many points of our daily life and brings us to
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SOCIAL STRUCTURE AND SOCIAL PROCESS 2 Theories that explain crime by examining the structure of society are only one of three major sociological approaches to crime causation. The other two are social process theories and social conflict approaches. Although sociological perspectives on crime causation are diverse‚ most build upon the principles of‚ social groups‚ social institutions‚ the arrangements of society‚ group dynamics‚ subgroups relationships‚ the structure of society and its relative
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Crime is a social construct Discuss. This composition will look at crime and its different criminological interpretations. Crime is an umbrella word which covers a diverse range of issues and is dependant upon the theoretical stand point of the writer. Although the wordings of the explanations differ‚ the implications are consistent (Newburn‚ 2007. Doherty‚ 2005). Mclaughlin et al (2006) seems the most relevant for the purpose. They separate crime into three key constituent parts. These are harm
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CRIME IS A SOCIAL CONSTRUCT Crime is the product of the social structure; it is embedded in the very fibres of society. In this essay‚ I aim to explore different theories as to why crime exists within society and how we as a society therefore construct it. Crime is a social construct; it is always in society and is on the increase. It is inevitable. Where does it come from? It comes from legislation‚ from the making of laws. Functionalists see crime deviance in society as a function‚ in that it
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“Social inequality is a more pressing socio-economic challenge than poverty in contemporary South Africa.” South Africa is one of the most unequal countries in the world‚ but not the poorest (with reference to income). We can see that the inequality in South Africa has worsened over time by looking at the country’s Gini Index score. In 1996 the score was 0.66 and in 2008‚ 0.70. The score has also deteriorated in terms of population groups: the score went from 0.54 to 0.62 between Blacks and from
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Social Construction of Crime The obvious definition of crime is the legal definition of an act which breaks the law. It is a social construction as it varies across culture‚ time and law. Crime is defined by a society’s own rules‚ norms and beliefs at any given time in history. Hazel Croall emphasizes pathological way and social construction of crime in the book. An analysis of reasons of crime reveals the fact that crime is a functional part of a society‚ constructed by society in political‚
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