To professor Elizabeth Loftus‚ memory is like a Wikipedia page: anyone can add to it or rewrite it. She proved that people will recall events differently‚ depending on how they are questioned. Loftus started investigating Kluemper’s case and convinced that her mother had been falsely accused. She thought someone else had put the thoughts of abuse into Kluemper’s
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Learning. Mednick‚ S.A.‚ Pollio‚ R. H. & Loftus‚ E.F. (1973). Englewood Cliffs‚ NJ: Prentice-Hall. Japanese edition: Iwanami Shoten Publishers‚ Tokyo. Human Memory: The Processing of Information. Loftus‚ G.R. & Loftus‚ E.F. (1976) Hillsdale‚ NJ: Erlbaum Associates. Japanese edition: University of Tokyo Press. Cognitive Processes. Bourne‚ L.E.‚ Dominowski‚ R. L.‚ & Loftus‚ E.F. (1979). Englewood Cliffs‚ NJ: Prentice-Hall. Eyewitness Testimony. Loftus‚ E.F. (1979). Cambridge‚ MA: Harvard University
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Loftus and Palmer 1974 This study was conducted to determine whether memory could be distorted by other information‚ which occurs after the event. The idea of the study was to see if any information they supplied influenced the witness’s memory information they had for the event. The study was conducted in a lab in which had 45 participants that were students at university. In order to simulate a real car crash the students watched a video of one happening. After they had seen it they were separated
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The Loftus and Palmer study is a laboratory experiment. This means that the study is artificial. The artificiality of the setting can intimidate participants or make them more obedient. This in turn can produce unnatural behavior and results that do not generalize to real life. This can be seen in experiment 2 when 12% of the control group reported seeing broken glass even though they were unaffected by the verb. This could be attributed to the leading question or to demand characteristics when
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Reconstructive Memory Author: Elizabeth F. Loftus | Rick L. Leitner | Daniel M. Bernstein | Elizabeth F. Loftus Source: The Gale Group Subjectively‚ memory feels like a camera that faithfully records and replays details of our past. In fact‚ memory is a reconstructive process prone to systematic biases and errors—reliable at times‚ and unreliable at others. Memories are a combination of new and old knowledge‚ personal beliefs‚ and one’s own and others’ expectations. We blend these ingredients
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Loftus and palmers Aims and context Loftus was concerned with how subsequent information could affect an eyewitness testimony (EWT) which is a legal term‚ referring to the use of eyewitness to give evidence in court. EWT can be influenced by misleading information in terms of both visual imagery and wording of questions. This could lead to faulty or incorrect convictions. If someone is imposed to new info during the interval between witnessing the event and recalling it‚ this info may have marked
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Repressed memories have been a large topic in the past. They sometimes still form stories even today that can‚ at times‚ create a great deal of damage towards the families involved in the ordeal. At the same time‚ it is also not helpful to discourage children or youth from informing adults about their struggles. This paper will discuss an article written in 2012 by Scientific American about memories in general. Then‚ the paper will delve into my own understanding of the how and why of repressed memories
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Overview: Elizabeth F. Loftus and John C. Palmer conducted a research study to find out how accurately we remember specific details of a traffic accident. Such research has been documented previously (Bird 1927‚ Ornstein 1969‚ Gardner 1933 and more)‚ where most findings show inaccuracies in estimates of vehicle speed and/or duration of events. Loftus and Palmer aimed to investigate the effect of leading questions (a question that is formed in a way that suggests what answer is desired) on the speed
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Elizabeth Loftus talked about a restaurant manager named Steve Titus who lived in Seattle‚ Washington. Steve Titus was 31 years old and engaged to a woman who was the love of his life named Gretchen. The couple had gone out for a romantic meal. On their way home they were pulled over by a police officer. Titus’s car resembled a vehicle that had been seen earlier in the evening. His car resembled that of a man who had raped a female hitchhiker. Titus resembled the rapist. The police took a picture
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Westwood Loftus and Palmer Alternative Research Essay Loftus and Zanni showed participants a film of a car accident‚ they then asked some participants "Did you see a broken headlight?" and others‚ "Did you see the broken headlight?" Of those asked about ’a’ broken headlight‚ 7% reported seeing one‚ compared with 17% of people asked about ’the’ broken headlight. This supports Loftus and Palmer’s findings as the study also changed the form of a question‚ which affected the witness’ response. Loftus and
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