Papal Intervention
To what extent did the role of the papacy in English affairs change during the period from 1066 to 1216?
William 1 papal intervention
Pope alexander gave William I legitimacy with papal banner
Stigand was excommunicated so couldn’t officiate William’s coronation in 1066
Pope alexander sent papal legate to re-crown William in 1070
William II
1088 trial of William of saint-Calais (bishop who supported rebellion, trial in Episcopal Church Rufus ruses papal intervention
1097 when William is threatened with excommunication as Anselm quits going to Rome as he’s been forever exiled
Henry II papal intervention
Made few direct interventions in henry ii vs. becket, becket defended church rights but Pope Alex iii didn’t support either of them and saw becket as a liability
Alex iii made becket papal legate in 1166 but he had no powers over York
As well becket claimed that the excommunication was under the pope’s order
Richard papal intervention
Crusading created stable relations with the pope
Pope Celestine iii did little to challenge royal jurisdiction over the church (for example agreed to Richards’s appointment of Hubert Walter to Canterbury + pallium
Pope Celestine III made Walter papal legate in 1195-1198
Henry I papal intervention
Hennery vs. Anselm due to changing papal ideas against lay investure and homage although Anselm paid homage to William II he refused to do the same to Henry I because the pope banned it = Anselm victim of pope vs. king
King John papal intervention
Conflict was instigated by pope innocent not the archbishop (Langton)
Pope innocent aggressively forced the reforms
Before 1213 john and Langton relationship was based on the way he was imposed on Canterbury (led to interdict of England 1208 then johns excommunication 1209
John was absolved on command of the pope
Pope annulled the Magna Carta though
King Stephan papal intervention
1135 pope supported Stephan’s claim and papal legate henry Blois controlled a
William 1 papal intervention
Pope alexander gave William I legitimacy with papal banner
Stigand was excommunicated so couldn’t officiate William’s coronation in 1066
Pope alexander sent papal legate to re-crown William in 1070
William II
1088 trial of William of saint-Calais (bishop who supported rebellion, trial in Episcopal Church Rufus ruses papal intervention
1097 when William is threatened with excommunication as Anselm quits going to Rome as he’s been forever exiled
Henry II papal intervention
Made few direct interventions in henry ii vs. becket, becket defended church rights but Pope Alex iii didn’t support either of them and saw becket as a liability
Alex iii made becket papal legate in 1166 but he had no powers over York
As well becket claimed that the excommunication was under the pope’s order
Richard papal intervention
Crusading created stable relations with the pope
Pope Celestine iii did little to challenge royal jurisdiction over the church (for example agreed to Richards’s appointment of Hubert Walter to Canterbury + pallium
Pope Celestine III made Walter papal legate in 1195-1198
Henry I papal intervention
Hennery vs. Anselm due to changing papal ideas against lay investure and homage although Anselm paid homage to William II he refused to do the same to Henry I because the pope banned it = Anselm victim of pope vs. king
King John papal intervention
Conflict was instigated by pope innocent not the archbishop (Langton)
Pope innocent aggressively forced the reforms
Before 1213 john and Langton relationship was based on the way he was imposed on Canterbury (led to interdict of England 1208 then johns excommunication 1209
John was absolved on command of the pope
Pope annulled the Magna Carta though
King Stephan papal intervention
1135 pope supported Stephan’s claim and papal legate henry Blois controlled a