Accounting is a function by which users can understand the internal financial workings of a company. Use of public accounting dates as far back as the late nineteenth century (Hendrickson, 2007) and continues today under the set guidelines that accounting professionals refer to as generally accepted accounting principles. These principles are set in the United States by the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the Securities and Exchange Commission (Weygandt, p. 9, 2008). The International Financial Standards Board collaborates on ways to standardize these principles globally. Through accounting, an entity methodically identifies financial transactions, chronologically records and analyzes the transactions, and communicates this information to interested users (Weygandt, p. 4, 2008). In this paper, the subject is to identify the four basic financial statements, how they interrelate, and how both internal and external users make use of these statements.…
Accountants, business owners, investors, creditors and employees use four basic financial statements of an organization to determine the financial well-being and future earnings potential of that organization. Financial statements are a key tool in seeing and understanding the past, present and future condition of an organization. What are these financial statements and what do they mean to the reader? Do the financial statements mean something completely different to an investor, creditor, and employee?…
As stated in the AASB Framework, financial statements play an utmost important role to a variety of users, which mainly consist of the investors, employees, lenders, suppliers and other trade creditors, customers, governments and their agencies, as well as the public, in making vital financial decisions. For accounting information to be decision useful' to this groups of people, the financial information selected has to fulfill the qualitative characteristics of relevance and reliability, while the subsequent presentation of the financial information should be both understandable and comparable (Henderson et al., 2006). The basic attributes of what quantifies the information as useful is illustrated in Figure 1: Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Reporting.…
References: The Four Basic Financial Statements: An Overview. (2009, January 21). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0073324833/student_view0/ebook/chapter1/chbody1/the_four_basic_financial_statements__an_overview.html…
Financial statements are demonstrated in four different financial statements, which are balance sheet, income statement, retained earnings, and statement of cash flows. A balance sheet illustrates a financial picture at a point of time of what a business owns, which are the assets and what it owes, which are the liabilities. The income statement portrays how well a business performed during a period of time; and it reports revenue and expenses. The retained earnings statement indicates how much dividends are distributed and how much was retained in the business for future growth. Finally, the statement of cash flows presents the cash use in a business (Kimmell, et al, 2009).…
Part 1 (a) True. (b) False General-purpose financial reports helps users who lack the ability to demand all the financial information they need from an entity and therefore must rely, at least partly, on the information in financial reports. (c) False Standard-setting that is based on personal conceptual frameworks will lead to different conclusions about identical or similar issues. Another, and past decisions may not be indicative of future ones. (d) False Information that is decision-useful to capital providers may also be useful to users of financial reporting who are not capital providers. (e) False An implicit assumption is that users need reasonable knowledge of business and financial accounting matters to understand the information contained in the financial statements. (f) True. Part 2 (a) False The fundamental qualitative characteristics that make accounting information useful are relevance and faithful representation. (b) False Relevant information must also be material. (c) False Information that is relevant is characterized as having predictive or confirmatory value. (d) False Comparability also refers to comparisons of a firm over time (consistency). (e) False Enhancing characteristics relate to both relevance and faithful representation. (f) True. Part 3 Years 1-5…
One of the primary means of measuring success in a business is profit. Accounting provides the means to measure the various factors that affect the finances of a business by identifying, recording, and communicating economic events that affect a company (Weygandt, 2008). Because various factors can influence an organization 's financial situation, the role of accounting is vital in which these three activities are conducted.…
You have explained the four financial statements in a way readers could easily understand. I agree with you that all four statements are important to a business because it shows company’s detailed financial performance and status. In addition, other investors and creditors use these statements to determine if a company earns good profit.…
1. Chapter 1 describes the environment that has influenced both the development and use of the financial accounting process. The chapter traces the development of financial accounting standards, focusing on the groups that have had or currently have the responsibility for developing such standards. Certain groups other than those with direct responsibility for developing financial accounting standards have significantly influenced the standard-setting process. These various pressure groups are also discussed in Chapter 1. Nature of Financial Accounting 2. (S.O. 1) Accounting may best be defined by describing the three essential characteristics of accounting: (1) identification, measurement, and communication of financial information about (2) economic entities to (3) interested persons. Financial accounting is the process that culminates in the preparation of financial reports on the enterprise as a whole for use by parties both internal and external to the enterprise. 3. (S.O. 2) Financial statements are the principal means through which financial information is communicated to those outside an enterprise. The financial statements most frequently provided are (1) the balance sheet, (2) the income statement, (3) the…
The financial statements provide information needed in order to make a proper analysis and provides you with the historical strengths and weaknesses of your business. The income statement, also known as the “profit-and-loss statement”, is utilized to measure the flow of cost, revenue, and profits over a period of time. The balance sheet gives an over view of business investments and the financing in a particular time. Together these two statements can give a thorough outlook of the business’s performance and a better understanding of the mechanics that make up the business operations.…
There are four basic financial statements: balance sheet, income statement, retained earnings statement, and statement of cash flows. These financial statements would include an overview of the assets, liabilities, expenses, and revenues of the business. Financial statements are useful not only to internal user; such as managers and employees, but also to external users; such as investors and creditors to communicate the company’s respective accounting information.…
Financial statements are what companies use to give management, creditors, and investors information about the financial stability of their organization. This is one way for the company to measure and quantify their financial performance. Throughout the paper the discussion will be based on the four types of financial statements and who would benefit from them.…
In order to fully understand the purpose behind the presentation of financial statements, we must figure out why they are important. A company’s financial statements provide various financial information that investors and creditors use to evaluate a company’s financial performance. Financial statements are also important to a company’s managers because by publishing financial statements, management can communicate with interested outside parties. A company’s financial conditions are of a major concern to investors and creditors. As capital providers, investors and creditors rely on a company’s financial conditions for both the safety and profitability of their investments. More specifically, investors and creditors need to know where their money went and where it is now. Different financial statements focus on different areas of financial performances. Financial conditions shown in the balance sheet are snapshots of a company’s assets, liabilities and equity at the end of a financial reporting period; they don’t reveal what happened during the period from operations that may have caused changes to financial conditions. Therefore, operating results during the period also concerns investors. The income statement reports operating results such as sales, expenses and profits or losses. Using the income statement, investors can both evaluate a company’s past income performance and assess the uncertainty of future cash flows. A company’s profits reported in the income statement are accounting income and most likely contain certain non-cash elements, providing no direct information on a company’s cash exchange during the period. Moreover, a company also incurs cash inflows and outflows during a period from other non-operating activities, namely investing and financing. To investors, cash from all sources, not just accounting income from operations, is what pays back their investments. The importance of the cash flow statement is that it shows the exchange of cash between…
The income statement is a summary of the operational activities of a company during a certain period of time. It shows how the net income of the firm is arrived at over a stated period.…
Financial Statements are derived from a historical cost-based accrual accounting system employing system employing generally accepted accounting principles. The two primary statements are the income statement and the balance sheets. A Company 's income statement reports operations over a period; the balance sheet reports its assets, equities and liabilities at a specific point in time. For the investors, careful analysis of these statements can provide some clues about the company 's future prospect. For management, careful analysis can help it plan for and anticipate the future. Thus, the point of financial analysis is to diagnose trends that are indicative of the magnitude, timing of risking of the company 's future cash flows. The financial statements, if utilized and interpreted carefully, can provide 'symptoms ' of the condition of the firm. That is just as a physician uses symptoms for diagnosis, a financial analyst or manager help to utilize his experience to interpret the 'symptoms ' revealed by the financial statements to assess the financial, economic and managerial conditions of the company.…