This whole paper started with an amazing trip to the Denver Art Museum. The Teotihuacan section immediately caught my attention. This is where I discovered the “Mural of Xochipilla”. Had I known in the beginning how mysterious this piece of art was I would have moved on to another topic for this research paper. Many hours were spent trying to find information on the “Mural of Xochipilla” which yielded no information at all. Not even the museum could reveal anything about the mural except that they had purchased the mural in 1967. While doing the research I was inspired by Teotihuacan’s mysterious culture, which kept me looking for more information. Al though there was no information on the “Mural of Xochipilla”, there seemed to be overwhelming information on the Culture of Teotihuacan.…
During the Pre - Columbian period in Ecuador, over one hundred different crops were grown, many continue to be the dominant crops today. Some of the foods that we currently eat including, potatoes, sweet corn, and avocado originated in Ecuador, hundreds to thousands of years ago. The topics of various crops and plants grown in Ecuador, storage and food preparation methods in the Andes, and the domestication of animals by the Incas will be explored here. Each culture within Ecuador made enormous contributions to society.…
Nonetheless, the admiration for the prehistory art comes from the culture one is brought up in. Being Hispanic Aztec, and tribal designs such as the indigenous art comes from culture. It is a way of being connected, and admiring the roots of the ancestry forming an expression expression as a cultural identity. Another, form is Islamic art with the geometric designs, and elaborate flowers as well as plants. It is based on the movement, and the captivation of ones attention (Detrick, “Art History”). This is also is an explanation for the attraction towards radical art, which is a balanced on a radius. The movement of the pattern excites the imagination, and it is sometimes based on a whoosh that is with swift upwards or downward movement. The ones that are preferred the most is with the two-thirds full one-third empty idea, and this explains the reason for the gravitational pull towards the art with this concept (Detrick, “Tree, Pretty: But is it Art?”). With this concept it comes with the idea of decoration when deciding on the amount of the embellishment to determine on where to focus the eye…
Domingo’s forced migration from the Bight of Benin to the America’s, via the middle passage, his brief stay on a plantation in Pernambuco, Brazil; and his experiences in Rio de Janeiro until his final exile in Portugal, all originated and culminated due to his suggested experience as a Vudon priest and suspicions of dark magic or witchcraft. Through this work Sweet proves that like religion, culture, and belief is not static, it’s dynamic, and vibrant and changes over time. It is also clear that co-mingling of Traditional African Religion and Catholicism provided advantages for Domingo’s lifestyle. Moreover, by adapting Catholicism into the beliefs of his vudon beliefs and practices, Domingos manipulated his owner’s and clients, by revealing psychological, political and societal ills and creating a spiritual sense of fear. For example, his use of Gbo to delay a slave ship, and his possession and alleged cure of Leonor de Oliveira, was this evidence of healing practices and cures or an illusion Álvarez created to protest the social and political angst of his new…
The question about Christianity and its full acceptance into Indigenous communities continues to linger on a fine line of whether Indigenous communities came to a consensus of compromising with the new religion or simply eradicating it by refusing to leave behind their traditional ways of believing and creating “spiritual” consciousness. Some scholars such as, Kevin Terraciano, in his chapter, “The People of Two Hearts and the One God from Castile,” argue that Christianity was not only rejected by acts of continuing Indigenous religious practices, but also mocked because it was thought to be a lie and inferior to the Indigenous people in Yanhuitlan and Coatlan; this new religion did not coincide with theirs . On the other hand, in her book, Biography of A Mexican Crucifx, Jennifer Hughes comes to conclude that Indigenous communities accepted Christianity through their own modes of seeing parallel paradigms of their life with the life of religious images such as the Cristo Aparecido from Totolapan. They came to see this image as a representation of their suffering , their colonial journey and their need for finding religious meaning in a newly evangelized land.…
The Incas had great respect for artists. Link up artist made all different things like necklaces and seashells. Anchorman woman who are very waivers. Long before the Incas Rows 2 color to other tributes ruled Peru.…
The unexpected attack surprised the Incas, where the Incas didn’t know they have superior numbers than the Spanish. And there were also other psychological factors, such an Inca god called Viracoxa was a white man, and the Incas thought these men might be the incarnation of Viracoxa.…
Thomson launches a effective expedition to find the lost Inca city Llactapata. “What really was important was understanding what the ruin was about.” Thomson excels in his storytelling and his skills are apparent in both his recreation of the violent destruction of architecture of the Incas by the Spanish. He goes on to describe the ruins he discovers, the people he meets along the way, and the hardships and pleasures of traveling through the abandoned Inca highways. He also makes arguments and comparisons of that of the carved Inca rock to the work of Henry Moore, and equally capable of conveying levs in the Peruvian…
However, one specifically interesting topic that stuck out to me while reading was the way that the Andeans treated death and the afterlife. In chapter 3, Mosley states that “past beings interact with present ones because life and death are a continuum and expiration entails no loss of vital essence.” He goes on to say that for pre-Hispanic peoples, the afterlife was a realm in which the deceased required food and clothing. Also, the bodies of the deceased had to be preserved and intact; if the person in question had had met their fate to a wild animal or enemy resulting in physical dismemberment, their soul would suffer “eternal damnation”. This belief in a very physical afterlife can perhaps offer some insight as to why the Andeans offer so many sacrifices to the Gods in the form of food, jewelry, and gold. Furthermore, the deceased also carried on economic and political duties, oftentimes being called on for advice on a broad range of things such as health, marriage, harvest, or when it was the right time to plant.…
In Pike, Hoffman, Garcia-Diez, Pettitt, Alcolea, Balbin, Gonzalez- Sainz, De Las Heras, Lashera, Montes & Zilhao (2012: 1409-1413) the dates cave paintings definitively commenced was in the Early Aurignacian period, around 40,000 to 28,000 thousand years ago (kya). The evidence being the hand stencil art of blowing pigment around the hand from El Castillo, the large red disk which is one of the oldest known arts from Europe, (Pike et al. 2012: 1409-1413) dating at least 40.8 kya. The article shows the importance of having relative dates of cave paintings to know when the behaviour started and its use. By using dating, we can know the main creators of parietal art were modern humans however more accurate dates are needed to conclude they were the only artists in the Upper…
Bibliography: Bingham, Hiram. 1952. Lost City of the Incas: The Story of Machu Picchu and its…
The issue in attempting to asses artwork from the Paleolithic era is that the variety in the styles presented in paintings and the content and context of one image is not limited to itself but is instead generally part of a larger system of murals and artwork found throughout the particular cave system. Further, the visual perception of the art is predicated by the cultural interpretation of the viewer. Instead of questioning the context and underlying meanings of the art work, for the Paleolithic era it is more important to question how was the art created as well as why it was created.…
Finally, we must recognize that Pachacutec, thanks to his talents as a conqueror, a great statesman, his passion for art and literature, and his great spirituality, made the kingdom of Cuzco a great empire, the great empire of the Incas, also called Tahuantinsuyo. As a Peruvian, I am very proud of the legacy that Pachacutec has left us, so I invite you all to read and investigate more about the life of the greatest Inca that the Inca Empire Pachacutec…
WHEN a powerful and highly civilised nation comes in contact with a barbaric and isolated people, who have nevertheless advanced many steps on the road of progress, it would naturally be thought that the superior and conquering race would endeavour to collect and place on record information concerning such people: their manners, customs, language, religion, and traditions. Unfortunately, in the case of the Spanish conquests of the sixteenth century, that nation appears never to have considered it a duty to hand down to posterity any detailed description of the singularly interesting races they had vanquished. As it was with the Guanches of the Canaries, the Aztecs of Mexico, and the Quichuas of Peru, so was it with the Chamorro of the Ladrones, and the Tagalo-Bisaya tribes of the Philippines. The same Vandal spirit that prompted the conquistadores to destroy the Maya and Aztec literature also moved them to demolish the written records of the Philippine natives, and but few attempts were made to preserve relics or information concerning them. The Spanish priests, as the lettered men of those times, were the persons we should look to for such a work, but in their religious ardour they thought only of the subjugation and conversion of the natives, and so, with the sword in one hand, and crucifix in the other, they marched through that fair land, ignoring and destroying the evidences of a strange semi-civilisation which should have been to them a study of the deepest interest. Fortunately, however, there were a few in that period who were interested in such matters, and who wrote accounts of the state of culture of the islanders of that early date. Some of these MSS. have been preserved in the archives of Manila, and have lately attracted the attention of Spanish scholars.…
Occurring only ten years after the final conquest in Mexico, the Lady of Guadalupe event served as a crucial point in shaping the newly contacted Spanish and native cultures. Spanish friars initially tried to force their religion upon the natives. They found the native practices of human sacrifice appalling and felt it was their duty to spread the Christian gospel to all those they considered unenlightened. Since the event in 1531 the story of Guadalupe has helped to harmonize the conflict between the two. To this day the significance of Guadalupe is still deeply embedded within Latin American spirituality. Virgilio Elizondo states in Guadalupe: Mother of the New Creation that the idea of Guadalupe comprises an “American Gospel” (p. 134). The apparition Juan Diego experienced with Guadalupe, the Mother of God, encompasses Spanish Catholic elements, Nahua elements, and Mestizo elements that contributed to what Pope John Paul II acclaimed as “an impressive example of a perfectly inculturated evangelization” of the gospel.…