Preview

Sports Activities Should Be Made Compulsory for All Student

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5828 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Sports Activities Should Be Made Compulsory for All Student
BENEFITS OF ACTIVE AND COOPERATIVE LEARNING

1. Provides opportunities for higher order thinking as opposed to passive listening. Reinforces listening to others and gives opportunity for immediate feedback and adjustment of thought.

Students talking together provide for input and listening. Students often have to assess the thoughts/ideas of peers, determine whether they “fit” their own, whether they disagree, or partially agree. Students have an opportunity to speak their ideas/thoughts for better formulation. Some often say, “I didn’t think of that” or “That’s a different slant.”

2. Promotes greater student-faculty and student-student interaction.

Students assist each other in understanding material/content. This may even help students broaden their perspectives on issues or problems. Professors have an opportunity to move from group to group, listen and if appropriate add comments. For some students this is the only personalization with a professor that ever occurs. Professors may answer questions that might never be asked without the closer interaction. Problems or misunderstandings can quickly and quietly be handled.

3. Increases student retention and limits anxiety. Students are not overloaded with information. Students actually get time to think about, to talk about, and process information.

Improves interaction and “talk” (Vygotskian Constructivism) and provides opportunities for students to think about and process the information. Time for “talking” and/or “writing” is needed to help students make sense of what they hear before attempting to “take in” even more information.

4. Permits opportunities to connect the content to real life.

Students are often hesitant to speak up and offer opinions, especially in very large classes. Students can provide real life examples of the content being discussed, thus increasing the relevancy of the learning.

5. Builds self-esteem in



Bibliography: Aronson, E. and Patnoe, S. (1997) The Jigsaw Classroom: Building Cooperation in the Classroom. New York: Addison Wesley Longman. Bain, Ken. What the Best College Teachers Do. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2004. Barkley, Elizabeth, Cross, K. Patricia, Major, Claire Howell. (2003) Collaborative Learning Techniques: A Practical Guide to Promoting Learning in Groups. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Bash, Lee. (Ed.) (2005) Best Practices in Adult Learning. Bolton, MA.: Anker Publishing Co. Bean, John C. (1996) Engaging Ideas: The Professor’s Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking, and Active Learning in the Classroom. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Bonwell, Charles and James A. Eison. (1991). Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom. ERIC-ASHE Higher Education Report 1: Wash., D. C. George Washington University. Bransford, J. D., Brown, A. L., & Cocking, R. R. (2000). How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press. Campbell, W. E., and Smith, K. A. Eds. (1997) New Paradigms for College Teaching. Edina, MN: Interaction Book Co. Fink, L. D. (2003). Creating Significant Learning Experiences. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Foyle, Harvey C. (1995) Interactive Learning in the Higher Education Classroom: Cooperative, Collaborative and Active Learning Strategies. Wash., D. C.: National Education Association Professional Library. Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T., and Smith, K. A. (1998) Research on cooperative learning. In K. A. Feldman and M. B. Paulsen (eds.) Teaching in the College Classroom. ASHE Reader Series. Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing. Kagan, S. (2003) “Cooperative-Learning Structures For Brain-Compatible Instruction.” In J. Cooper et. al. (Eds), Small Group Instruction in Higher Education Laufgraben, Jodi Levine, Shapiro, Nancy S. (2004) Sustaining and Improving Learning Communities. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Light, R. J. (2001) Making the Most of College: Students Speak Their Minds. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Press. Mentkowski, M. & Associates. (2000). Learning That Lasts: Integrating Learning, Development, and Performance in College and Beyond. Meyers, Chet, and Jones, Thomas B. (1993) Promoting Active Learners: Strategies for the College Classroom. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Michaelson, L. K., Knight, A. B., and Fink, L. D. (2002). Team-based Learning: A Transformation Use of Small Groups in College Teaching .Westport, CT: Bergom & Garvey. Millis, B. J. and P. G. Cottell. (1998) Cooperative Learning for Higher Education Faculty. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press. Nilson, Linda B. (2003) Teaching At Its Best: A Research-Based Resource for College Instructors. Bolton, MA.: Anker Publishing Co. Smith, Barbara L., MacGregor, Jan, Matthews, Roberta, Gabelnick, Faith. (2004) Learning Communities: Reforming Undergraduate Education. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Staley, C. (2003) Fifty Ways to Leave Your Lecturn. Wadsworth/Thompson. Stage, Frances K., Patricia A. Muller, Jillian Kinzie, and Ada Simmons. (1998) Creating Learning Centered Classrooms: What Does Learning Theory Have to Say? ERIC-ASHE Higher Education Report 4. Wash., D. C.: George Washington University. Swail, Watson Scott, Redd, Kenneth E., Perna, Laura W. (2003) Retaining Minority Students in Higher Education: A Framework for Success. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Travis, Jon. (1995) Models for Improving College Teaching: A Faculty Resource. ERIC-ASHE Higher Education Report 6. Wash., D. C.: George Washington University. Weimer, Maryellen. (2002) Learner-Centered Teaching: Five Key Changes to Practice. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Wlodkowski, Raymond J., Ginsberg, Margery G. (2003) Diversity and Motivation: Culturally Responsive Teaching. Indianapolis: Jossey-Bass. Wlodkowski, Raymond. (1999) Enhancing Adult Motivation to Learn: A Comprehensive Guide for Teaching All Adults. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Wulff, Donald. H. (Ed.) (2005) Aligning for Learning: Strategies for Teaching Effectiveness. Bolton, MA: Anker Publishing Co.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Years ago, the college experience applied only to recent high school graduates and meant spending hour after hour in a crowded lecture. Today, this is only one of the possible snapshots of a college student. The ideas in this article are perfect for students from all backgrounds and in all majors. Read on for insight and inspiration.…

    • 571 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Discuss the characteristics and structures of the cooperative learning activities with your Learning Team. Be sure to address the important components of group building as presented in research.…

    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Reading Philosophies

    • 1651 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Slavin, R. E. (2009). Educational Psychology. In R. E. Slavin, Educational Psychology (pp. 30-44). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc.…

    • 1651 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    References: Green, F. E. (1999). Brain and Learning Research: Implications for Meeting the Needs of Diverse Learners. Education, 119(4), 682.…

    • 1128 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Ptlls Unit 7

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Cross, K. P. (1995, December). Teaching and learning: The tradition and transformation of a teaching faculty. The Independent, pp. 6-8.…

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    According to Gonzalez (2009) cooperative learning is a strategy that teachers can use the help of peer group to increase conceptual learning to integrate prior knowledge to subject and topic learning, and ultimately, to increase academic achievement. The author stated young peers can act as resources for one another because they have different strengths and weaknesses across content and developmental areas.…

    • 1152 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Hennessy, D., & Evans, R. (2006). Small-group learning in the community college classroom. The Community College Enterprise, 12(1), 93-110. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.canyons.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/218820101?accountid=38295…

    • 1329 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. Students work through the assignment until all group members successfully understand and complete it. Cooperative efforts result in participants striving for mutual benefit so that all group members: * gain from each other's efforts. (Your success benefits me and my success benefits you.) * recognize that all group members share a common fate. (We all sink or swim together here.) * know that one's performance is mutually caused by oneself and one's team members. (We can not do it without you.) * feel proud and jointly celebrate when a group member is recognized for achievement. (We all congratulate you on your accomplishment!). Why use Cooperative Learning?Research has shown that cooperative learning techniques: * promote student learning and academic achievement * increase student retention * enhance student satisfaction with their learning experience * help students develop skills in oral communication * develop students' social skills * promote student self-esteem * help to promote positive race relations 5 Elements of Cooperative LearningIt is only under certain conditions that cooperative efforts may be expected to be more productive than competitive and individualistic efforts. Those conditions are: 1. Positive Interdependence…

    • 1363 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Zone of Proximal Development

    • 3462 Words
    • 14 Pages

    Blackemore, S.J. & Frith, U. (2009). The Learning Brain: Lesson for Education. Singapore. Blackwell Publishing…

    • 3462 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Essence of Teamwork

    • 1469 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Bibliography: Cohen, E, (1986). Designing Groupwork: Strategies for the Heterogeneous Classroom. New York: Teachers College Press.…

    • 1469 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    References: Hancock, D. (2004), Cooperative learning and peer orientation effects on motivation and achievement. The Journal of Educational Research, 97.(3), 159 - 166. RetrievedJan. 24, 2007 from Academic One File. Thomson Gale. National Institute of Education.Nichols, J.D. & Miller, R.B. (1994). Cooperative learning and student motivation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 19, 167-178.…

    • 1382 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Reform in Irish Education

    • 3569 Words
    • 15 Pages

    * Callan, J. (1997) Active Learning in the Classroom: A Challenge to Existing Values and Practices, in Hyland, A. (ed) Issues in Education. Vol. 2, Dublin: ASTI, pp 21-28.…

    • 3569 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Roberts, T. S., & McInnerney, J. M. (2007). Seven Problems of Online Group Learning and Their Solutions). Educational Technology & Society, 10 (4), 257-268. Retrieved October 19, 2011 from http://www.ifets.infojurnals/10-4/22.pdf…

    • 2569 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Brandon, D. P., & Hollingshead, A. B. (1999). Collaborative learning and computer-supported groups. Communication Education, 48(2), pp109-126.…

    • 1782 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    TTT, STT and THE USE OF L1 Classroom management Set of procedures the teacher uses in order to ensure the smooth and motivational interaction among learners. It also involves the efficient use of audiovisual aids and other forms of realia and equipment. Critical consider: points to • Teacher Talking Time •…

    • 315 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays

Related Topics