Reviewer for Phil.History College !

Chapter 9
The Campaign For Reforms (1882-1892)

1872-date when violate events happened that led to significant developments in colonial Phil.
Filipinos started to air their complaints through:
-writings
-Speeches
-organized societies
-artworks
Propaganda Movement (1882)-reform movement
Cortes-Spanish lawmaking body
Assimilation- process of making the Phil. A province of Spain, granting of Spanish citizenship to Filipinos, allow the Indios to be finally called Filipinos
The important Filipino reformists were:
1.Garciano Lopez Jaena-great orator
2.Jose Rizal-great thinker and writer
3.Marcelo H.del Pilar-great political analyst and journalist
Others are:
Jose Maria PAnganiban, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Eduardo de Lete
Graciano Lopez Jaena
-Fray Botod
-first editor of the La Solidaridad (Solidarity)
Aims of the Newspaper
-to fight reaction
-to stop all efforts to keep the Phil . A backward country
-to extol liberal ideas
-to defend progress
Spanish writers who are anti-Filipino
-Pablo Feced
-Wenceslao E. Petana
*Pearl Of The Orient
Demands Of the Filipino reformists:
-representation in the Spanish Cortes
-the right to vote
-freedom of speech, of assembly, and of the press,
-freedom of commerce
-the removal of the friars from the Philippines because they were the obstacle to progress
-the education of the people
-reforms in the jails of the country
-the abolition of the diezmos prediales or the tithe consisting of the one tenth of the produce of the land.
Cause of death: hunger and illness
Date of Death: Jan.20,1896
Place of Death: Barcelona,Spain
Jose Rizal
-the most brilliant of the Filipinos during his time (Calamba,Laguna------June 19,1861)
1.Noli Me Tangere (Touch me Not)—the novel he wrote at the age of 26
2.El Felibusterismo (The Rebel)
La liga Filipina-patriotic society w/c was suspectedof uniting the people and preparing the Filipinos for revolution.
Executed in:Bagumbayan Field (Dec.30,1896)
Marciano Lopez Jaena
-greatest journalist produced by the purely Filipino Race
-Cupang,Bulacan (8/30/1850)
-Diaryong Tagalog (Tagalog-Spanish)
Two Famous Books He Had wrote: *spanish
1. La Soberania Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Sovereignty in the Philippines)
2.La Frailocracia Filipina (Frailocracy in the Philippines)
*Tagalog
1.Caiingat Cayo
2. Dasalan at Toksohan
3.Kadakilaan ng Dios
4.Sagot ng Espana sa Hibik ng Pilipinas
Date Of Death:July 4,1896
Cause of Death:Tuberculosis (heavy work/lack of proper work)
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Nilad-Masonic lodge in Manila
Walana-masonic lodge founded by women
The Aims of La Liga:
-to unite the whole archipelago
-to give mutual protection of all members in case of necessity
-to encourage agriculture, commerce, and education
-to defend members aginst any kind of violence and injustice
-to study and apply reforms
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Cuerpo de Compromisarious (Body of Compromisers)-another patriotic society after La liga.

Chapter 10
Bonifacio and the Katipunan

1892-the struggle changed from reform to revolution
Katipunan-the revolutionary society responsible for the Phil. Revolution of 1896
July 7,1892-the night when K.K.K. (Kataastasang Kagalanggalangang na Katipunan ng mag Anak ng Bayan)
Blood compact- botherhood/kapatiran
Triangle Method-way of recruiting members w/ less danger
Primary Objectives of the Katipunan: civic objective
-Principle of self help political objective
-independence from the colony
Moral objective
-teaching of good manners, hygiene, good moral characters
3 governing bodies:
1.Kataastaasang Sanggunian/Supreme Council *central
2.Sangguniang Bayan/Provincial Council *provincial
3.Sangguniang Balangay/Popular Council *municipal
Judicial council/Sangguniang Hukuman- judgment for the violators where given
Secret Chambers- Boni+Emi J+Pio V -sentence the members who exposed the secrets of the Katipunan
Deodato Arellano- first Supreme Council
Membership:
1st grade-katipon (Anak ng Bayan)
2nd grade-kawal (Gom-Bur-Za)
3rd grade-bayani(Rizal)