Research Paper On Turner Syndrome
Turner syndrome is named after Henry Turner who, in 1938, was one of the first doctors to report on the disorder in medical literature. Turner syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal disorders and is one of the most common genetic disorders found in females, it is a rare chromosomal disorder that affects only females.
This condition occurs in about 1 in 2,500 female births worldwide, but is much more common among pregnancies that do not survive to term, like miscarriages and stillbirths.
It occurs when one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing. Turner syndrome is highly variable and can differ increasingly from one person to another. Affected females can possibly develop a wide variety of symptoms, that can affect …show more content…
Most people are born with two sex chromosomes. Girls inherit one X chromosome from each parent. In girls who have Turner syndrome, one copy of the X chromosome is missing, partially missing or altered. Some genetic alterations of Turner syndrome are monosomy, which is the complete absence of an X chromosome generally occurs because of an error in the father's sperm or in the mother's egg, this results in every cell in the body having one X chromosome. Mosaicism, which is an error that occurs in cell division during the early stages of fetal development, this results in some cells in the body having two complete copies of the X chromosome, while other cells have only one copy of the X chromosome. X chromosome abnormalities, which are abnormal or missing parts of one of the X chromosomes, this error can occur in the sperm or egg with all of the cells having one complete and one altered copy, the error can even occur in cell division in early fetal development, so that only some cells contain the abnormal or missing parts of one of the X chromosomes. Y chromosome material, which only happens in a small percentage of Turner syndrome cases, it is where some cells have one copy of the X chromosome and other cells have one copy of the X chromosome and some Y chromosome material, these individuals develop biologically as female, but the presence of Y chromosome material increases the risk of developing a type of cancer called
This condition occurs in about 1 in 2,500 female births worldwide, but is much more common among pregnancies that do not survive to term, like miscarriages and stillbirths.
It occurs when one of the X chromosomes is partially or completely missing. Turner syndrome is highly variable and can differ increasingly from one person to another. Affected females can possibly develop a wide variety of symptoms, that can affect …show more content…
Most people are born with two sex chromosomes. Girls inherit one X chromosome from each parent. In girls who have Turner syndrome, one copy of the X chromosome is missing, partially missing or altered. Some genetic alterations of Turner syndrome are monosomy, which is the complete absence of an X chromosome generally occurs because of an error in the father's sperm or in the mother's egg, this results in every cell in the body having one X chromosome. Mosaicism, which is an error that occurs in cell division during the early stages of fetal development, this results in some cells in the body having two complete copies of the X chromosome, while other cells have only one copy of the X chromosome. X chromosome abnormalities, which are abnormal or missing parts of one of the X chromosomes, this error can occur in the sperm or egg with all of the cells having one complete and one altered copy, the error can even occur in cell division in early fetal development, so that only some cells contain the abnormal or missing parts of one of the X chromosomes. Y chromosome material, which only happens in a small percentage of Turner syndrome cases, it is where some cells have one copy of the X chromosome and other cells have one copy of the X chromosome and some Y chromosome material, these individuals develop biologically as female, but the presence of Y chromosome material increases the risk of developing a type of cancer called