Preview

Plant-Animal Coevolution Essay

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1237 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Plant-Animal Coevolution Essay
Plant-Animal Coevolution
Evolution
Charles Darwin gave what could be described as a loose definition of evolution when he wrote “descent with modification” (Darwin, 1859). Evolution is defined more specifically as a change in the genetic composition of a population, from generation to generation (Reece et al., 2011). In this investigation into coevolution, in particular plant-animal coevolution, the adaptations and reasons for these adaptations in a specific example of plant-animal coevolution will be highlighted.
Coevolution
Coevolution is when two species that interact together evolve due to selection imposed by each other (Reece et al., 2011). Coevolution may occur where symbiosis between two species exists (Currie et al., 2003). This symbiosis
…show more content…
the number of bracts they produced. The fact that on Saint Lucia there was only one form of H. caribaea and two forms of H. bihai and that the opposite was true on Dominica allowed the relationship between these plants and their pollinator, Eulampis jugularis, to be clarified. In summary the long, curved billed female leads to the selection of the Heliconia plant with long, curved flowers and vice-versa and the shorter, less curved billed male leads to the selection of the Heliconia plant with shorter, less curved flowers and vice-versa. Coevolution is common in symbiotic relationships between plants and animals and can even result in differences between the male and female in the same …show more content…
and Strauss, N.A. (2003) ‘Ancient tripartite Coevolution in the Attine ant-microbe Symbiosis’, Science, 299(5605), pp. 386–388. doi: 10.1126/science.1078155.
Darwin, C., 1859. On the origin of species London. UK: John Murray.

Reece, J.B., Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P.V. and Jackson, R.B., 2011. Campbell biology Boston: Pearson.

Temeles, E. J., Pan, I. L.,Brennan, J. L., Horwitt, J. N., 2000. Evidence for Ecological Causation of Sexual Dimorphism in a Hummingbird. Science, Vol. 289, Issue 5478, pp.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    Sordoria Lab

    • 1569 Words
    • 7 Pages

    References: 1.) Campbell, Neil A., Jane B. Reece, et al. Biology. Eighth ed. San Francisc: Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2008. Print.…

    • 1569 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    amylase lab report

    • 1766 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Cited: Campbell, Neil A., Jane B. Reese, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon. Biology 105 Taken From; Biology: Concepts & Connections (Fifth Edition) Benjamin Cumming, San Francisco, CA, 2013.…

    • 1766 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    What is Bio 101

    • 476 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Easily observable co-evolution occurs in the level of two species interacting, but co-evolution can also be driven by a number of species interacting with each other. Co-evolutionary changes may affect interactions positively or negatively, depending on the type of relationship that drove it in the first place. For example, if co-evolution is to happen between two species of mutualistic organisms, an organism's evolution may be a response to the change that occurred in one of the interacting species to keep the mutualistic relationship running, which affects the relationship in a positive way. Co-evolutionary changes that happen in the prey which hamper the predator from successfully capturing the prey affect the predatory relationship negatively because they reduces the chances of the predatory relationship from continuing.…

    • 476 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Competition, whether it is for food, water, shelter or a mate occurs between any living organisms in a mutual habitat. They are likely to be in close proximity and this interaction could either be harmful or helpful to each organism. When the interaction is beneficial, it is considered to be mutualism, either being obligate or facultative. However, interactions between different species may take different forms, such as commensalism, parasitism, amensalism etc. Competition often results in reduced growth and/or lower seed production of one or both individuals or species when compared to the yield of either when grown alone. There…

    • 3768 Words
    • 16 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    9. Describe how two unrelated flowers could evolve to have a similar appearance? they both evolved to have a similar function, like attracting birds…

    • 364 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    *Commensalism is a class of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits but the other is neutral, there is no harm or benefit. An example of commensalism is a flatworm attaching to the horsecrab and eating the crab's food while the crab is not affected.…

    • 340 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Daisyworld

    • 753 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Another variation stated that evolution by natural selection requires genetic variation in order to act. This variation is minimal in the original Daisyworld; hence a model with a larger pool of variant daisies of different colours has been generated. Through variation natural selection can help further generate environmental self-…

    • 753 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Coevolution is the act that animals by time learn to interact with one another. Animals learn to evolve and depend on each other to do some certain processes. For Instance, many species of flowers learn to adapt the fact that they need pollinators because with the help of those pollinators, the flowers would be fertilized and are able to grow fruits. It's all a matter of working together to do what is good for everyone. Natural selection is also important in the world of coevolution. The term natural selection means only the strongest and fittest would survive.…

    • 546 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Some of the most bizarre and fascinating plants in the natural world are undoubtedly carnivorous plants. Carnivory, defined as the consumption of animal tissue, is often only associated with the animal kingdom. However the existence of carnivory is widespread and diverse in the plant and fungi kingdoms as well. Specifically carnivorous plants, which originally descended from exclusively photosynthetic plants, have evolved elaborate, efficient, and diverse methods to capture, digest, and metabolize passing insects and microorganisms. Since Darwin’s landmark work Insectivorous plants, observers of carnivorous plants have tried to answer fundamental questions regarding their nature. Why would an exclusively photosynthetic plant expend valuable developmental resources to form structures for carnivory? How do these plants capture prey and why do they do it? This paper will explore characteristics, nature, and physiology of carnivorous plants as well as several possible reasons and methods for the evolution of carnivory in plants.…

    • 2539 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Plant Adaptation

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Plants have adaptations to help them survive in harsh environments; Some live in a forests where plants have to find a way to get the sunlight they require, some live in an aquatic environments where there is an abundance of water, and some live in desert environments where it is dry and very hot. These plants have different adaptations such as leaf size, leaf surface, stem size, and their stress level. In this lab, we will be discussing plants from 3 different regions; forest, aquatic, and desert, and describe some of their adaptations that allows them to live and prosper.…

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Altruism/ Kin Selection

    • 1543 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Wenseleers, Tom, Adam G. Hart, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks. "When Resistance Is Useless: Policing and the Evolution of Reproductive Acquiescence in Insect Societies." American Naturalist 164.6 (2004): E154-E167. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 26 Apr. 2011.…

    • 1543 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    A Review of Spiders

    • 1412 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Mutualism has become an important area of research in ecology. Plant performance can be improved if organisms, such as ants or spiders, reduce the damage to floral tissues caused by phytophages. Most mutualistic relationships that have been studied focus on the influence certain organisms have on improving plant performance and the shelter/ food the plant provides in return. For example, the Cecropia tree is defended by colonies of Azteca ants. In return for the ants’ work, the Cecropia tree provides starch, shelter, and lipids. While these studies have increased our understanding of the nutritional benefits plants provide to their courageous inhabitants, they have failed to show us the nutritional benefits that plants gain from their defenders. In the study by Romero, Mazzafera, Vasconcellos-Neto, and Trivelin, the nutritional benefits provided by the Neotropical jumping spider, Pescas chapoda, to the Bromelia balansae are explored.…

    • 1412 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Nitrogen Cycle

    • 1175 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Campbell, N.A., Reece, J.B., Urry, L.A., Cain, M.L., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P.V. & Jackson, R.B. (2010). Biology. San Francisco, California: Pearson.…

    • 1175 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Species Interaction

    • 1595 Words
    • 7 Pages

    * Describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors and how it in turn alters those same factors.…

    • 1595 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Ecological Relationships

    • 421 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Numerous animals have coevolved with plants. Many animals pollinate flowers in exchange for food in the form of pollen or nectar. Many animals disperse seeds, often by eating fruit and passing the seeds in their feces. Myrmecophytes are plants that have coevolved with ants. The plant provides a home, and sometimes food, for the ants. In exchange, the ants defend the plant from herbivores and sometimes competing plants. Ant wastes provide organic fertilizer.…

    • 421 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays