Preview

May Fourth Movement and 1911 Revolution

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2186 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
May Fourth Movement and 1911 Revolution
Yunfang YANG
S2774352
Pac 10 China in Transformation 1900-1949

Note: special consideration granted for 1-week extension. Number: 14998.

Question: “In political, culture and social terms the May fourth movement was far more important than the 1911 revolution”. Discuss.

China made its modernisation through revolutions. There are two historical event scholars believes can be threat as milestone of the transformation: 1911 Xinhai revolution, which brings an end to the two thousand year of monarchy; May fourth movement which carried out by students in Beijing protesting against the unfair treatment China get on the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. The word revolution means ‘the fundamental change of power’, where the word movement is ‘a group action asking improvements to be made’. In term of political, cultural and social terms, May fourth movement has a much significant influence than the Xinhai revolution. In fact, Xinhai revolution does not achieve any political improvement of the government. Culturally, there is giant step forward after the 1911 revolution. Lastly from the society point of view, life is only getting worse. Historians believe Xinhai revolution is about Dr Sun Yat-sen’s personal optimism and penchant in politics (Eto & Schiffrin, 1994). Fourth May Movement is a step to the modernisation in political, cultural and social terms.

The expulsion of Manchus does more political damage then the Fourth May Movement. The term politics define as the process by which groups of people make collective decisions (Kymlicka, 2002). Scholars in the present date are still debating whether the revolution to bring China to a republic country is a good idea (Kapp, 1973). At 1900s, China has a population of 400 million; people are influenced by the monarchy for two thousand years. The country itself had only opened to foreigners for fifty years; the revolution in 1900 shows the majority of population rejects western ideas. Many warlords have take advantage of people’s

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    The 19th century of China opened with a broad reform of institutions, particularly in the military system. As a result, the revolution occurs and “followed by the breakup of China as the leaders of autonomous armies fought for power” (Dreyer 1). Kuomintang Party stood against the Communist Party and waged a massive civil war mainly in Northeast part of China, “ending only with the victory of communists on the mainland in 1949” (Dreyer 1). In the middle of the civil war, the aggression of the Japanese dragged China into the tragedy of the Second World War.…

    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    When Manchus conquered China in 1644, and in order to control China, it gave the several ways of Qing government to control the whole country, including a comprehensive bureaucracy, examination system and elite commoners. And each way deeply influenced the structure of Qing China. First of all, the emperor and the mandate of heave controlled the Qing state. As Madeleine Zelin and Faculty Consultant1 argue that an emperor is the leader of the Chinese system of rule based on a powerful central government. But it didn’t mean he has absolutely power. And the emperor must be an unusual, who could mediate the cosmic forces. And his behaviors must be trained by fundamental political expectation. So the emperor could…

    • 2088 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    China is a political oddity, as it is one of the very few surviving Communist states and arguably the only truly successful one; but it is not exclusively this political identity and structure that have made it an emerging superpower but rather the government’s pragmatism. The modern Communist Party of China is above all pragmatic, so much so that the base pillars of communism have essentially been abandoned. They are willing to compromise their ideology to accommodate the demands of a globalized world and to some extent the demands of their people. The events of 1989 are a prime example, following the bloody Tiananmen Square protests, which called for social and political reform; an informal agreement called the Beijing consensus was made…

    • 354 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    In the early 1900s, China was a state of continual civic and revolutionary unrest. As support for revolutionary efforts began to spread, China shifted from a monarchy to a republic. However,…

    • 560 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    In previous years, China had suffered from humiliation and losses in the hands of the Japanese and other western powers. A predominant factor of the CCP’s popularity was the peoples desire to restore China as a powerful, independent nation, free from the influence of ‘foreign devils.’ Mao shared this aspiration and consequently, began to alienate China from the foreign powers and purge the country of capitalist and bourgeois influence.…

    • 1663 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the beginning of the 20th Century, the idea of bourgeois democratic revolution spread widely in China, as the foundation of Chinese Revolutionary League in 1905. The Revolution of 1911 is a bourgeois democratic revolution of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal in the history of modern China, which overthrew the rules of Qing dynasty and the monarchy over two thousand years, and established bourgeois democratic republic of China. In the meantime, the Revolution of 1911 also diminished the govern power of imperialism in the colonials of China. During the World War I, the western imperialism countries were busy in the war, so they temporarily mitigates the aggression of Chinese economy; thus, Chinese national industrialization got a short period development. After the May 4th Movement in 1911, Marxism began to spread in China as the new trend of the mainstream. Due to the influence of Marxism, the communist groups successively have established in many places in China in 1920. Then, the Communist party of China has born in 1921, and pointed out the direction of Chinese Revolution. From the year 1927 through the year 1949, China was under a very long war time; therefore, the economics was depressing, and the political system was very unstable. In the October, 1949, the People’s Republic of China had founded by the Chinese Communist Party, and the city of Beijing was…

    • 1018 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    China has changed in certain ways and remained the same in others from the early Golden Ages to the late 1900s. China has experienced a series of cultural and political transformations, shaping the lives of many Chinese citizens. Culturally, the country’s art and literature hardly changed for almost eight hundred years. Along with their culture, China remained politically the same from the beginning of the Golden Ages all the way until the 1800s. On the other hand, China’s government and society were restructured after new leaders took over. From a monarch to total communism, China’s society had a multitude of new ideas and policies they had to adapt to.…

    • 1076 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Mao Reading Response

    • 1128 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Being one of the most well-known characters of Chinese modern history, Mao Zedong has been constantly debated in both Western and Eastern worlds. Like all historic figures, Mao Zedong has been seen in different light: sometimes under glorification and reverence, and sometimes as a devil that dragged China into one of its darkest eras. These contradicting opinions can be easily seen in the assigned readings of this course. While Mao Zedong is generally praised for his military accomplishments during the overturning of the former government of the Kuomintang and the war against Japanese invasion, opinions differ when his ruling of China after 1949 comes into discussion. In some readings, he is most heavily criticized for the cruelty and aggressiveness he had posed on the Chinese people- to the extent that some even question whether overturning the Kuomintang was truly liberation for the Chinese people after all. In other readings, Mao Zedong is still seen as the great liberator of the Chinese people- the leader that brought China onto the tracks of modernization and great economic development. Although opinions about Mao Zedong differ greatly from person to person, there is no doubt that he is indeed a powerful figure in Chinese politics- in international politics even- and the influence his reign has on modern China still lives to this very day, for reasons and effects that are both good and bad.…

    • 1128 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Chow Tse-Tsung: The May Fourth Movement. Intellectual Revolution in Modern China (Cambridge/Mass.: Harvard University), 1960.…

    • 2063 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    During the cultural revolution of the 1960s and 70s, china underwent many drastic changes. The leader of the chinese communist party was Mao Zedong, a powerful man who believed that the peasant class represented the best of chinese society. The text “china’s cultural revolution is better.”…

    • 292 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    [ 5 ]. Tse-Tsung, Chow. The May Fourth Movement. Intellectual Revolution in Modern China. 1960.…

    • 1519 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution or the Cultural Revolution (1966 -1976) was one of the most dramatic and bleakest periods in the history of the People’s Republic of China. The roots of the Cultural Revolution date back to the late 1950s to the early 1960s when the Great Leap Forward ended in catastrophe. The leader, Mao Zedong lost a lot of his influence among his revolutionary comrades, supporters and eventually, he was removed from actual powers by the members of the party. During his eradication, Deng Xiaoping and Liu Shaoqi came to power. They introduced China to “economic reforms based on individual incentives where families are allowed to cultivate their own plots of land - as an attempt to revive the crippled economy. Mao detested such policies, believing that the CCP was becoming too bureaucratic and the Party officials shied away from the values of Communism and revolution.” (Spence, 1990)…

    • 429 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Buddhism In Ancient China

    • 1646 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Because since modern times, Chinese scholars have been devout and enthusiastic to learn from the west, hoping to build China into an independent, prosperous and powerful capitalist countries,however,Paris and China's diplomatic failure at the meeting gave them a serious lesson, and their dreams of capitalism were quickly dashed. This experience, a great boost to them to explore a new way out of China. It has prompted a fundamental change in the direction of chinese scholars, as a result also opened the way for the spread of Marx doctrine in China. The spirit of this movement is called Patriotic national salvation, democratic science, cultural enlightenment. This action shows the thoroughness of anti-imperialism and feudalism. Also is the beginning of new democracy in China, most of the people working on the May Fourth Movement are the teenagers and students their patriotic spirit and fight for truth and justice spirit Intrepidity and dark political spirit worthy of any age of the youth and student learning. And that time,religion problem has become an integral part of the new democratic revolution. Also, we need to respect and protect the freedom of religious belief. All in all,The new culture movement to improve the literature, promote the vernacular, so that civilians are more likely to get…

    • 1646 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bibliography: arnett, A. (1965), 'Multiple factors ', in Pichon Loh (ed.) 'The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? ' D.C. Heath & Company, BostonBianco, Lucien. (1971), 'Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-1949 ' Stanford University Press, StanfordChang, Carsun. (1965), 'Chiang Kai-shek and Kuomintang dictatorship ', in PichonLoh (ed.) 'The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? ' D.C. Heath& Company, BostonChang, Kia-Ngua. (1965) 'War and Inflation ' in Pichon Loh (ed.) 'The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse? ' D.C. Heath & Company, BostonEbrey, Patricia. (1996), Cambridge Illustrated History: China, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, EnglandFielding, Mark & Morcombe, Margot. (1999), 'The Spirit of Change - China in Revolution ' McGraw Hill Book Company, Roseville, NSWHsu, Immanuel C.Y. (1990), 'The Rise of Modern China ' Oxford University Press, New YorkKai-shek, Chiang 1965, 'Communist designs and Kuomintang blunders ', inPichon Loh (ed.) The Kuomintang Debacle of 1949: Conquest or Collapse?, D.C.…

    • 2874 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    During the 20th century China underwent a massive transformation. In the early 1900s China was a mass of land lacking any real political cohesion and so was plagued by disputes between the many ruling warlords. However, by the year 2000 China was considered a major contender on the world stage and still is today; it almost seems certain that China will become the most powerful nation on earth in the next 50 years. This major transformation is seen to be a great success of China, considering the relatively short amount of time in which it was accomplished, but the question still remains as to whether entire credit should be given to China itself or instead whether China’s successful development was more due to the forced interference of foreign powers or, to a lesser extent, their influence rather than the inspired originality of Chinese politicians. The main stimulus for development certainly seems to be economic policy (either the respective leaders of China in their adaptation of foreign policy, sometimes brought about through influence, or the forced implementation of policy by foreign powers) with the consequent effect of this being development of the social and political workings of China.…

    • 2307 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays