Japanese Food
Doxey's Irritation Index
The most well known theory of culture shock is “Doxey’s Irritation Index”. According to Doxey’s theory, when there is no touristic activity in the region, hosts are curious and interested in tourists; they are welcome, delighted and excited about tourists’ presence. Furthermore, it is a general phenomenon that more people move in and out of tourism sectors.
Moreover, when the number of tourists increases, they are taken for granted and contact between tourists and hosts becomes more formal and locals. The theory become indifferent towards tourists; they do not know whether to welcome tourists or not. When the number of tourists reaches to a maximum level, tourism development reaches the saturation stage and the rate of tourism growth is expected to be even higher, hosts become concerned over price rises, crime, and tourist rudeness, and cultural rules being broken and eventually irritated by tourists’ presence; tourists are perceived as an annoyance.
When tourists are blamed for all wrongdoings in the host society, and are seen as lacking human values, hosts become hostile towards them. Hosts start to believe tourists can be exploited. Eventually, hosts call for actions which would offset the negative impacts of tourism development.
Stages of Doxey’s Irriation Index: Euphoria (exploration & involvement) | Visitors are welcome and there is little planning | Apathy (Development) | Visitors are taken for granted and contact becomes more formal | Annoyance/ Irritation (Consolidation) | Saturation is approached and the local people have misgivings. Planners who attempt to control through increasing infrastructure rather than limiting growth | Antagonism (stagnation etc.) | Open expression of irritation and planning isremedial yet promotion is increased to offset thedeteriorating reputation of the resort |
Limitations of Doxey’s Irriation Index:
The limitations of Doxey’s model are its measurement based on only a macro view and
The most well known theory of culture shock is “Doxey’s Irritation Index”. According to Doxey’s theory, when there is no touristic activity in the region, hosts are curious and interested in tourists; they are welcome, delighted and excited about tourists’ presence. Furthermore, it is a general phenomenon that more people move in and out of tourism sectors.
Moreover, when the number of tourists increases, they are taken for granted and contact between tourists and hosts becomes more formal and locals. The theory become indifferent towards tourists; they do not know whether to welcome tourists or not. When the number of tourists reaches to a maximum level, tourism development reaches the saturation stage and the rate of tourism growth is expected to be even higher, hosts become concerned over price rises, crime, and tourist rudeness, and cultural rules being broken and eventually irritated by tourists’ presence; tourists are perceived as an annoyance.
When tourists are blamed for all wrongdoings in the host society, and are seen as lacking human values, hosts become hostile towards them. Hosts start to believe tourists can be exploited. Eventually, hosts call for actions which would offset the negative impacts of tourism development.
Stages of Doxey’s Irriation Index: Euphoria (exploration & involvement) | Visitors are welcome and there is little planning | Apathy (Development) | Visitors are taken for granted and contact becomes more formal | Annoyance/ Irritation (Consolidation) | Saturation is approached and the local people have misgivings. Planners who attempt to control through increasing infrastructure rather than limiting growth | Antagonism (stagnation etc.) | Open expression of irritation and planning isremedial yet promotion is increased to offset thedeteriorating reputation of the resort |
Limitations of Doxey’s Irriation Index:
The limitations of Doxey’s model are its measurement based on only a macro view and