Impact of Urbanization
URBANIZATION – IMPACTS
1. THE CONCEPT OF URBANIZATION
Urbanization refers to general increase in population and the amount of industrialization of a settlement. It includes increase in the number and extent of cities. It symbolizes themovement of people from rural to urban areas.Urbanization happens because of the increase in the extent and density of urban areas.The density of population in urban areas increases because of the migration of people from less industrialized regions to more industrialized areas.Urban sprawl The concept “Urban Sprawl” means increase in spatial scale or increase in the peripheral area of cities. “Urban Sprawl” has its own drawbacks.
The city and its infrastructure may not be adequately planned.
Traffic is high with increased time needed for commuting.
Essential services are not reachable within time.
City administration becomes extremely difficult.
An excellent example of urban sprawl within our country is that of the city of Bangalore. After the establishment of IT industry in Bangalore, the population exploded from24,76,355 in 1980 to 42,92,223 in 2001 with influx of 18 lakh immigrants within 2decades. The growing population has increased pressure on several resources including civic amenities, residential availability, cost of living, local infrastructure, transport,traffic and administration. Bangalore has lost many if its water bodies (lakes) and consequently the fragile ecosystem has been disturbed due to the ever-increasing need forspace, to cater to residences and business establishments.
2. HISTORY OF URBANIZATION
The beginning of urbanization can be traced back to Renaissance times in 16th century.Turkish assaults resulted in movement of Christians from the east to western Europeancountries. As a result, trade grew and European cities along the coasts developed greatly.A further boost for urbanization was created with the arrival of the “Industrial Revolution”. Populations of cities in Europe and USA
1. THE CONCEPT OF URBANIZATION
Urbanization refers to general increase in population and the amount of industrialization of a settlement. It includes increase in the number and extent of cities. It symbolizes themovement of people from rural to urban areas.Urbanization happens because of the increase in the extent and density of urban areas.The density of population in urban areas increases because of the migration of people from less industrialized regions to more industrialized areas.Urban sprawl The concept “Urban Sprawl” means increase in spatial scale or increase in the peripheral area of cities. “Urban Sprawl” has its own drawbacks.
The city and its infrastructure may not be adequately planned.
Traffic is high with increased time needed for commuting.
Essential services are not reachable within time.
City administration becomes extremely difficult.
An excellent example of urban sprawl within our country is that of the city of Bangalore. After the establishment of IT industry in Bangalore, the population exploded from24,76,355 in 1980 to 42,92,223 in 2001 with influx of 18 lakh immigrants within 2decades. The growing population has increased pressure on several resources including civic amenities, residential availability, cost of living, local infrastructure, transport,traffic and administration. Bangalore has lost many if its water bodies (lakes) and consequently the fragile ecosystem has been disturbed due to the ever-increasing need forspace, to cater to residences and business establishments.
2. HISTORY OF URBANIZATION
The beginning of urbanization can be traced back to Renaissance times in 16th century.Turkish assaults resulted in movement of Christians from the east to western Europeancountries. As a result, trade grew and European cities along the coasts developed greatly.A further boost for urbanization was created with the arrival of the “Industrial Revolution”. Populations of cities in Europe and USA